UTI Case Study
The case of L.J., a 23-year-old woman with no previous history of UTI, is one that represents a case of lower urinary tract infection. The gram negative rods on the gram stain are one of two types of bacteria classified that appear around the world; the gram negative classification is just a way to identify the type of bacteria associated with the infection: the bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan with a cell membrane and porins in the membrane. This is important to know, as the membrane guards the bacteria from various types of antibiotics that might otherwise be used. Knowing that the bacteria is gram negative instead of gram positive allows the health care provider to utilize an appropriate treatment method. This paper will discuss the possible treatment plans for L.J. in order to treat her UTI.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of the urinary tract infection is that the pathogen causing the infection has colonized in the bladder; the bacteria can ascend the ureter to the kidney, where infection of the renal parenchyma is responsible for producing an inflammatory response, identified as pyelonephritis (a more serious infection) (Wagenlehner et al., 2011). Likewise, the bacteria typically cause cystitis, which contributes to the painful feeling in the body. What the body experiences, and what L.J. complains of, is a burning sensation when urinating (a result of the inflammation), and a feeling of needing to frequently urinate, along with bladder pain. The bladder is infected and this is what is causing the body to react with the sensation of pain and the need for frequent urination (Hooton, 2012).
Most Common Pathogens
The most common pathogen associated with UTI is E. coli in women (a result of feces entering into the urinary tract); in men, a common pathogen associated with UTI is P. aeruginosa; others include Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp (Linhares et al., 2013).
Reasonable Treatment Plan
The most reasonable treatment plan for L.J. is to take an antibiotic/antimicrobial and to have a culture performed in order to identify the bacteria so that the right treatment can be applied. The treatment recommended by the European Association of Urology is for care providers to use fosfomycin, trometamol, pivmecillinam (a type of...
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