¶ … 17th century, a book inspired by Sir Walter Raleigh and written by Richard Hakluyt, entitled "Western Planting," built up great interest in American colonization. Focus of commercial explorations was possible trade with the East India Company for the West. The King of England formed and granted a royal charter to the London Company and the Plymouth Company (Interesting.com) to found a colony. In December 1606, the London Company, led by Captain Christopher Newport, reached a town and named it Jamestown, after the King of England. It was the first permanent settlement in North America, the whole of which was then Virginia. The first settlers in this new land consisted of 12 laborers, a few carpenters, a blacksmith, a mason, a barber and a tailor and 50 other men.
When Captain Newport returned England for a while and left the colony to the inefficient leadership of Governor Wingfield, trouble and misery followed, until the famous John Smith's arrival and courageous rescue. Smith was an adventurer in Europe and the American forest, where he was captured and condemned to death by fierce Indians. But Pocahontas, the daughter of the Indian chief, saved his life, and he was allowed to return to his own colony. He later became the governor of that colony and saved his people from starvation by trading with the Indians for corn (Interesting).
A second royal charter granted the London Company in 1609 increased its dominion and authority. Lord de la Warr became its first governor, followed by Sir Thomas Dale, who contributed a lot to the survival of Virginia. He partially abolished communism and thus stimulated industry and put an end to food scarcity. During his term, King James granted a third charter, adding Bermuda Islands to the colony and containing other features that gave it the right to self-government. The colonists could then make their own laws and choose their own leaders. An assembly then formed to share governing powers became the House of burgesses, first representative group in America (Interesting).
Tobacco was almost entirely the only crop and staple in the colony for a long time. The Indians taught them the grow it and soon, every farmer grew it. It was the most saleable item then and was so important that it was also used as money: the minister and public officers' salaries were in the form of tobacco.
The most memorable and important year in the early history of Virginia was during the rule of Sir George Yeardley in 1619 when two institutions were established: the notion of "a government by the people" (Commonwealth) and slavery. The notion of "a government by the people," was to evolve and expand into a reality of the "greatest self-governing people in world history." The second institution was seal this people's free institutions at the sacrifice of tens of thousand lives of slaves.
At this time, 90 young women were taken into the colony to become wives of the Settlers so that family life could be established. Some period of peace passed when they related well with the Indians who then were united with the white settlers through the marriage of the Indian girl Pocahontas to John Rolfe, a settler. But with the death of Powhatan, Pocahontas' father, and the succession of his hostile brother, the Indians became unfriendly and attacked the colonists, killing many of them.
The colony fell out of royal grace in 1624 and lost its charter. The King neglected its rule and popular government began to wilt. In 1642, Sir William Berkeley was appointed governor and ruled the longest until 1677. He was known for his fierce antagonism with Puritans. Hostilities broke out in England between them and the Cavaliers, with the Puritans winning under the leadership of Oliver Cromwell. The Commonwealth lasted only briefly, but it will be remembered as the first and only time during the colonial period of Virginia that its people enjoyed absolute self-government. Furthermore, this period led to the great Puritan migration to Massachusetts.
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(Boskin, 1976) Thus the civil war and the later inclusion of the courts and rulings though have given succor to the colored people, the conditions in Virginia of the earlier century was found all over the United States even after a hundred years and hence Martin Luther King had to in the 1960s come out again to fight for equality. Is the struggle over? Conclusion On perusing the materials and analysis one
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