By March 2, 1785, it was clear that New Jersey had begun to try to ban slavery, as the legislature enacted a law banning "foreign slave trade in the state" (p. 115). And in 1786, the New Jersey Society for the Abolition of Slavery was founded, although the citizens of Monmouth "were deeply divided" over whether or not slavery should be banned from the state.
Meantime, during the 1790s, several "gradual emancipation" bills were voted down in the New Jersey legislature, albeit (p. 124) "popular opinion and party newspapers cautiously shifted" towards an anti-slavery position. The citizens were clearly divided on the issue, as the author points out on page 125: Quakers opposed to slavery were accused by proslavery interests of "harboring pro-British attitudes" and were accused of "poisoning the minds of our slaves." Other extremists in the proslavery ranks pushed the notion that the Quakers antislavery movement was just a "plot to give more blacks the vote and control the state..."
The Civil War and New Jersey
The author points out (p. 192) that New Jersey "showed a grudging loyalty to the Union" - and in that context, New Jersey politicians, while indeed supporting the Union, "...remained warm to the Southern cause..." throughout the Civil War. There were motions passed in the New Jersey state legislature that clearly signaled support for slavery: one, a motion passed in "recognition of southern property rights over slaves; another, unqualified support for the "repressive Fugitive Slave Act of 1850," and further, there were laws passed in New Jersey "attempting to hinder any movement of black freed people into the state."
Also on 192 Hodges writes that the very year the Emancipation Proclamation was put into effect, 1863, the powers that be in New Jersey "worried about a massive slave insurrection" in the aftermath of the proclamation,...
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