g., attitudes towards school climate). If they do, you can have greater assurance that "there's something real being captured/measured" regarding to climate, rather than some "fluke" or artifact of the measurement process itself. (Dereshiwsky, 1999)
Survey research may be categorized as the questionnaire and the interview. In the past, questionnaires were usually paper-and-pencil instruments the respondent completed. Today, questionnaire may be completed electronically on computer or with other technological tools.
The interviewer bases responses on answers the interviewees give to questions. At times, the difference between a questionnaire and an interview may be hard to decipher as both questionnaires and interviews may ask short closed-ended questions, as well as, broad open-ended ones. (Trochim, 2006) During the past decade, survey research has dramatically changes, Trochim (2006) reports.
Automated telephone surveys utilize random dialing methods and in some public areas, there are computerized kiosks which permit people to solicit input. Another variation of group interview, group methodology, currently claims its place in research. Survey research closely integrates with the delivery of service, such as a survey on the hotel desk or a brief customer satisfaction survey, a waitress/waiter presents with a customer's check. This type survey could also include follow-up phone calls, emails, etc. after an individual receives technical assistance or response to a Web site one visits. (Trochim, 2006) Some individuals relate questionnaires to basically being a mail survey. Mail surveys are generally inexpensive to administer and permit respondents to complete responses when time best suits them. Disadvantages include response rates frequently rank extremely low. Additionally, questionnaires do not serve as effective ways to secure detailed written responses. Group administered questionnaires present some advantages over the mail type while the household drop-off survey proves similar to the mail survey and may or may not be completed, depending on the respondent. The majority of major public opinion polls are secured from telephone interviews, one research method which enables a researcher to access information quickly. Many individuals, however, do not like the intrusion of an interview and may consider the poll an imposition. (Trochim, 2006)
Interviews
Interviews prove to be a more personal form of research as the interviewer works directly with the respondent. During an interview, the interviewer may probe for additional information and/or ask follow-up questions. Interviews, however, may prove to consume inordinate amounts of time. They may also require intensive research. As the interviewer constitutes a measurement instrument component, interviewers need to be effectively trained in how to respond to a number of contingencies. (Trochim, 2006)
Along with completing a content analysis of assessed researched information, information retrieved from a minimum of five interviews, along with information from several questionnaires is presented. For each interviewee interviewed for this study, the individual's name, his/her title and the name of the company employing him/her is identified.
Individuals interviewed during this research effort will constitute the study subjects, to "human-perspective" insight. For the interviewing process, for this researcher's purposes, several points are considered consideration for conducting interviews include the scheduling, the interview setting, and relevant statements and questions.
Style denotes a vital element to consider when preparing to interview an individual. Is the individual:
formal, structure oriented, and driven by detail, or are they casual, comfortable with delegating and focused on results ("How to Conduct an Interview" 2000)?" As an interviewer, this researcher notes the style of the interviewee and matches this as much as possible. Scheduling the time for the interview needs to fit the interviewee's best accessible time, so he/she will not feel rushed or pressured when answering questions and relating relevant information regarding higher gas prices. This researcher schedules interviews to best accommodate the person allotting time to sharing his/her perceptions regarding the focus of this study, the impact of higher gas prices. Setting for the interview, this researcher notes, will need to compliment the interviewee's choice for environment. This researcher additionally takes into account. however, the need to ensure, prior to the interview that the setting/environment will compliment this researcher's ability to not only "tune in" to ideas being expressed, but also be favorable to recording the interview and taking relevant notes. The setting particularly needs to be conducive to the interviewee's ability to concentrate/focus on questions and statement relating to the impact of higher gas prices. Prior to the scheduled interview appointment, this researcher prepared leading statements and questions...
This will require the evaluating organization to determine which competitors are already successfully entrenched in more innovative and 'green' auto designs, which are growing in market share for adopting such innovations and which are shrinking for failing to do so. The power of this knowledge should allow an organization to make constructive decisions about segmenting its own approach to a market which still depends on fossil fuels but which
The Middle East takes great pride in its oil production, and sometimes dictators overstep boundaries in order to claim that oil for themselves, as Saddam Hussein of Iraq attempted to do to Kuwait in 1991. Kuwait is a particularly extreme example of cheap oil for all within the borders of Kuwait. This small nation just next to the Arabian Peninsula has massive reserves of oil beneath its sands. Oil merchants
" As far as economic conditions are concerned, as part of the company's strategy it is committed to aiding people with the social and economic problems that they face (Environment and Society). This is known as the community investment strategy. This strategy encompasses human rights, education, and enterprise development (Environment and Society). BP's management is also concerned with decreasing dependence on oil and has created various initiatives to create new sources
High Oil Prices and Effect on the Economy Global oil prices have maintained a creeping trend since 2004, following the 2001 initial oil crisis (Pahl & Richter, 2009). The increase in oil prices and the expected further increase in the future pose a serious threat to the stability of the global economy. This study looks at how high oil prices affect the economies of both developed and third nations, which makes
Few states taxes increased during the run-up of early 2008. Refining costs also account for 19% of the price at the pump. Most refining takes place close the market, although the U.S. is served by some refineries in the Caribbean. The greatest amount of U.S. refining capacity is along the Gulf Coast (EIA, 2009). There is no evidence that an increase in refining costs occurred to justify the price increases
In only six of the 16 months studied did petroleum prices move in the same direction as troop casualties, a month after those casualties occurred (See Table 1 and Graph 1). When we consider the three months with the largest increases (145.2% in April 2006; 60% in December 2006; and 51.2% in August 2006), only once (May 2006) did the following month post increased refined petroleum prices. If we
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