Saul Bellow Henderson the Rain King

Saul Bellow was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1976 for, among other things, the ability to give values a place side by side with facts in literature, unlike realism. The import of his work was seen as creating awareness that only the right values can give human kind freedom and responsibility, necessary foundations for building of faith in the future and a desire for action. Bellow's work was also recognized for its unique mixture of philosophy, cultural analysis and deep insights into human consciousness (The Nobel Foundation Web site).

Henderson the Rain King is an archetypical Bellow work bearing all the aforesaid characteristics. Henderson, the novel's principal character sets out on a journey ostensibly to Africa but primarily in search of himself. Bellow's portrayal of the unhappy, discontented middle-aged American millionaire has been widely interpreted as a caricature of Americans in the twentieth century: "...big, restless, wealthy, confused...resemblances in Henderson...literary heroes...turbulent, fleshy, sensual, gross.... He is the American Adam...verge of a breakdown, trying to recover some lost quality of himself...."(Markos, 109)

All is, however, not lost as Bellow shows Henderson as all too human with many redeeming qualities, self-realization being the most important: "No one has ever conveyed so well as Saul Bellow the anguish of a man who is capable of honestly contemplating his nature but incapable of changing it.... Henderson has acted like a slob again and again...but one never doubts that he has good...qualities...predicament seems tragic...." (Hicks, 100)

Tragedy...

Henderson's newly discovered being leads to his returning to America with a newfound determination to live up to the 'service ideal' as a medical doctor. Thus, Bellow emphasizes "...Henderson's basic decency...desire to be a good man...take some constructive action...live for something more than himself." (Markos, 117)
Much like Bellow, the concept of happiness as defined in the Declaration of Independence, too, was based on the optimism, philosophy and faith that human nature was inherently decent. This is self-evident in the very wording, "...a decent respect to the opinions of mankind...that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." (The National Archives)

Though The Declaration of Independence drew much of its inspiration from the philosopher John Locke, Jefferson's theory of 'natural law' differed in that it substituted the inalienable right of the "pursuit of happiness" for "property," emphasizing that happiness is the product of civic duty and virtue (The Library of Congress). Bellow's Henderson too ultimately realizes the same thing when he decides to adopt the 'service ideal.'

Perhaps, the best substantiation of the positive consequences of the Founder's conception of happiness is History itself. Although, some original portions such as a denunciation of the slave trade were rejected from the draft to accede to the…