Heart Valve Tissue Engineering Benefits
Tissue engineering came about as early as the 1960s with advances in tissue culture technologies to propagate skin cells (Vesley, 2005). It has advanced to other areas of cells through the years, including heart valve tissue engineering. One in eight people aged 75 years and older suffer from a form of valve disease showing an increasing trend with age (Mol, 2005). For adults, the need arises mostly from an aging population. For children, the need arises from birth defects and other illnesses, such as rheumatic fever. The number of patients that will require heart valve replacement is expected to triple over the next five decades.
The main causes of cardiac valve dysfunction are calcification of leaflets, endocarditis, rheumatic fever, myxomatous degeneration or congenital malformations, leading to stenosis or insufficiency in the valve. Rheumatic fever has been the main cause of heart disease in children and young adults, especially in underdeveloped countries. Congenital heart defects also play a role in the causes for pediatric patients. "Valvular heart disease is still...
The human body has 25,000 genes approximately which are inherited birth that give the person physical and emotional attributes. Some genes can be defective predisposing one to diseases that may attack them later in life. Other genes may remain dormant and get passed down to their future generations who will suffer from the disease (More 3). This threat can be removed through genetic engineering through preventing or completely eradicating
The need for so many new workers will tend to help women enter fields where they have been historically under-represented since there is such a need for so many new workers. While this synergy of so many different factors is useful for workers at all stages of their careers, it may be that it is especially helpful to new graduates. Highly skilled and qualified senior workers are likely to have
Cardio-vascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and leads the statistics for emergency room (ER) cases. This literature review combines two primary causative agents in CVD: (1) Stress in the workplace, and (2) Middle Age. This review will explore one of the key reasons why the harmful ramifications of stress and middle age can be nullified or, at least, reduced -- through physical activity and exercise. Job stress is
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