Pre-diabetes ConditionBurden of disease: disability/morbidity
The word 'pre-diabetes' applies to persons highly susceptible to contracting diabetes mellitus (type 2). Those diagnosed as pre-diabetic have sustained, higher-than-normal blood glucose levels; however, these levels are not sufficiently high to be characterized as diabetes. Pre-diabetics suffer from either IGT (impaired glucose tolerance), or IFG (impaired fasting glucose), or both. The former denotes a condition wherein glucose tolerance levels of individuals after two hours of glucose consumption lie between 140 and 199 milligrams/deciliter whereas the latter refers to a condition wherein fasting blood glucose levels lie between 100 and 125 milligrams/deciliter (when nothing has been consumed throughout the night) (Thomaskutty & Dwivedi, 2011).
After pre-diabetes sets in, beta cells lose their function progressively, resulting in the onset of diabetes. Type 2 diabetics characteristically have by high blood sugar levels, a condition that, with time, damages blood vessels and nerves, thereby giving rise to complications like heart disease, kidney failure, lower-limb amputation, stroke, and blindness, among others. Research has depicted that a majority of pre-diabetics become diabetics in a ten-year span if they fail to alter their existing lifestyle. Lifestyle modifications imply a loss of 5-7% of their current body weight (for instance, between 10 and 14 lbs. for an individual weighing 200 lbs.) by altering their physical activity levels and diet (Prediabetes and Insulin Resistance, 2009).
Current Scenario
Pre-diabetics are increasing at an alarming rate in the U.S., with DHHS (Department of Health and Human Services) figures of the year 2012 claiming that a minimum of 86 million citizens above twenty years were pre-diabetics (Prediabetes and Insulin Resistance, 2009).
On a global scale, pre-diabetes is growing in prevalence, and can set in anywhere between seven and ten years prior to clinical diabetes diagnosis. At this juncture, risk factors typically exist and grow, including higher risks of contracting cardiovascular disease. Similarly, cardiovascular disease onset, particularly CAD (coronary artery disease), cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease may transpire as well, which lead to elevated global mortality and morbidity levels (Magalhaes, Cavalcanti & Cavalcanti, 2010).
Several sources have issued pre-diabetes prevalence figures, which depict pre-diabetes levels between 5.8 and 35% in individuals aged 20+. Reported rates differ based on what criteria are utilized for defining pre-diabetes. Nevertheless, the condition has grown in prevalence in the past few decades. 1988-94 and 1999-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data comparisons reveal that pre-diabetes...
Healthcare Fraud Identity theft and fraud of many types and forms are obviously a major inconvenience and hindrance to anyone that falls prey to a person that engages that crime. There are many variants and forms of fraud and identity theft out there. One of the more insidious and nasty examples of those crimes would be that which relates to healthcare. Indeed, to have people's wallet, healthcare and the taxpayer dollar
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