"Studies of the relationship between managed care penetration in the health care market and expenditures for Medicare fee-for-service enrollees have demonstrated the existence of these types of spill over effects" (Bundorf et al., 2004). Managed care organizations generate these types of spillover effects by increasing competition in the health care market, altering the arrangement of the health care delivery system, and altering physician practice patterns. Studies have found that higher

Nursing leadership has a direct impact on patient outcomes and quality of care. From healthcare administration to policy decisions, from shift leadership and staff management, leadership is the cornerstone of nursing. Nurses and nurse educators are paying more attention to leadership, as research consistently shows how specific leadership styles and strategies impact specific patient outcome variables. For example, Wong, Cummings & Ducharme (2013) performed a systematic review of the literature

Changing Healthcare Environment The changing Health care environment Changing leadership and decision-making process Developing of the prospect nurse leaders is among the greatest challenges that the nursing profession faces today despite the need for powerful leadership skills for all nurses. Any nurse who is in authority, such as one taking care of a patient, or a nurse responsible for assisting other nurses is a leader (Harris and Roussel, 2010). One should not view

Kenyan Healthcare Assessment Across the globe, manmade and natural calamities are on the rise, occurring almost every single day and having destructive effects on individual people, households and entire communities. People's lifestyles and quality of life are undermined by both minor and major catastrophes. The African continent has long struggled with internal conflicts that have had destructive impacts, threatening its inhabitants' survival. Extensive casualties have resulted from these occurrences. It

Shared values and diverse ideas are crucial for organisational success. Shared values connect people within an organisation (Schein, 2010), while diversity serves as a source of strength, motivation, and empowerment for organisational members (Danowitz, Hanappi-Egger & Mensi-Klarbach, 2012). This can have a positive impact on employee productivity and organisational performance as a whole. Nonetheless, this may not be achieved if the potential conflict between shared values and diverse ideas is

How Healthcare Policy Impacts APN Explanation of how healthcare policy can impact the advanced practice nurse profession The role of APN is to provide primary, specialty, and acute care through assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of those who seek healthcare services. Healthcare policies are meant to improve healthcare services, and thus, they affect the APN profession. However, the specific effect of any policy depends on the specific policy (Taft & Nanna, 2008). For