Organ transplant recipients are more susceptible to cancer due to oncogenic viral infections and immunosuppression. What is the overall pattern of cancer following an organ transplantation? Cancer is a major adverse outcome of solid organ transplantation.2 Previous studies have demonstrated an overall 2- to 4-fold elevated risk of cancer.3- 11 Excess risk is largely due to immunosuppression, with a spectrum of cancer resembling that seen with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, another immunosuppressing condition.11 Risks are especially high for malignancies caused by viral infections, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma (both due to Epstein-Barr virus [EBV]), Kaposi sarcoma (human herpesvirus 8), anogenital cancers (human papillomavirus), and liver cancer (hepatitis C and B viruses). Certain other malignancies such as cancers of the lung, kidney, skin, and thyroid also are increased in transplant recipients. Linkage of population-based transplant and cancer registries from the same geographic region can allow for systematic ascertainment of cancer outcomes in a large representative population of recipients. Except for a recent study from the United Kingdom with 37-616 transplant recipients,4 prior linkage studies of cancer following transplantation included 2000 to 11-000 recipients,3,5- 9 which is not large enough to accurately estimate risk for less common cancers....
Also, these previous studies have been limited mostly to kidney recipients. As a result, it is unclear how cancer risk varies according to the transplanted organ (Engels et al., 2011, p. 1891).Healthcare Administration: Healthcare Law, Cultural Diversity, And Principles of Accounting Cities, Suburbs, And Rural Areas Rural areas are geographic areas located away from suburbs and cities, often characterized by a small population and abundant natural resources. Currently, in the U.S., rural residents make up 16% of the entire population - as compared to 17% in 1910. This implies that poor job opportunities and lack of skills that are evident in these areas
Healthcare Administration The family is the earliest source of an individual's moral beliefs and principles (Dunn & Woodard, 2003). Essentially, children are not born with a set of moral principles -- they acquire a sense of what is wrong/right by observing how others react to their behavior. As a child, for instance, I was forbidden, right from my formative years, from taking something that belonged to someone else without their consent.
Healthcare Administration In a perfectly competitive market, the following will occur in response to different changes in the market. A decrease in the wage of clinic-based nurses will cause a reduction in the cost for nurses. This will result in a decline in the price of physician services, because the price decrease is going to be passed onto the consumer. The output of physician services will not change as the cost declines,
Healthcare Administration and Leadership Health care in the United States has progressed and improved to the point at which providers in all health care settings have defined and developed at least 4 major areas of importance for effective health care. Knowledgeable health care leaders have identified Quality and Safety; Community Health; Health Care Access and Coverage; and Leadership and Governance as key areas that must be constantly addressed and improved to
Healthcare Administration THE SIX STAKEHOLDERS GROUPS FOR RIVERVIEW REGIONAL MEDICAL The six stakeholder groups for the Riverview Regional Medical Center are as follows: clerical staff, medical laboratory technicians, nurses, housekeeping staff, patients, and physicians. The hospital is comprised of 700 people who all play as stakeholders for the hospital. TARGETS MARKET OF EXISTING PROGRAMS AND THE GAPS IN RRMC MARKETING STRATEGY An addition added to the RRMC is the Heartburn Treatment Center. A nurse
Administrative boards routinely reevaluate general institutional compliance with federal and state legislative statutes and also with stated hospital policies. Ethics guidelines regarding procedures, treating minors, and admission to clinical research trials are only some of the legislative guidelines necessary when making healthcare decisions. Chains of command, appropriate disciplinary and appeals procedures, and health and safety guidelines for patients and employees are some examples of legislative functions a board may
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