Verified Document

Harlem Renissance And Negritude Writers Term Paper

Secondly, even the beginning of the film presents an African motif. The drums that open the scene are representative for the ancient tribal singing and dancing. The same drums are present in Cullen's poetry, revealing a deep African symbol. Moreover, the drums also make the passage from the contemporary life in which the film is first set, to the imaginary and ancient time of slavery.

The characters are as well particularly chosen. For instance, Joe, a white skinned slave is important for pointing out the traditional individual that tries to escape his past, through all means possible. He rejects his mother, who is the embodiment of the African spirit, he worships a white God, Virgin Mary, and in the end, he takes on a position that implies behaving in a similar manner as the white oppressors.

Joe's mother, Nunu, represents in the film the symbol of the African heritage. She stands up for a rebellion against the slave owners as being a true calling of her cultural identity. Similar to Senghor's poem, she intimately tries to confront her implacable existence at the hands of the oppressors and fails to understand the reason why her son, the one she sacrificed herself for, chooses to adopt a different attitude. Senghor's poem develops more on this idea of rebellion against the "white hands" but, at the same time, considers that the warmth of the African soul would eventually determine a sort of reconciliation between the races. In the film however, this idea is not very well conveyed. It is rather more a message that the warmth of the black soul and the determination of the Africans to rediscover their past and cultural heritage will lead them to make peace with themselves and the world they are living in.

The adulation of Virgin Mary as opposed to the traditional African deities is representative for Joe's rejection of not only the African religious identity, but of the entire black Culture, as a means of blending in with the white population. He sees total contradiction between Christianity as advocated by the whites with the rites of the Africans. His ultimate embracement of the values of the White population is the moment in which he takes on a duty to practically act in the same manner as white slave-owners act towards the Blacks. Thus, he reaches the point where he kills people dear...

In order to find another cultural identity, to build one new, one must be either in peace with the past, or erase it. The purification through fire is emblematic for most cultures and is present as one means of sanctification of an old place and a source of new life. Similarly, Senghor's "White snow in Paris" portrays snow as a means of purification of a world, Paris being the symbol of the European colonization. Both the producers of the film and the writer of the poem stress the theme of purification as being the possible start of a new life.
Overall, it can be concluded that there have been various means through which the advocates of a rediscovery of a Black and African culture presented the idea of going back to the past in order to recreate a future to be the solution for a new African identity. Poets and cineastes alike developed motifs such as the glorious heritage of the African continent in order to justify the desire of the Black people to rediscover their past and built their future.

References

Cesaire, a.(1984) Africa. In Aime Cesaire: The Collected Poetry.Translated by Clayton Eshleman and Annette Smith, University of California Press.

Cullen, C. (1928). Harlem Wine. Retrieved 2 November 2007, at http://oldpoetry.com/opoem/52567-Countee-Cullen-Harlem-Wine

Cullen, C. (2007). Heritage.retrieved 2 November 2007, at http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/heritage/

Hughes, L. (2007) the Negro speaks of Rivers. Poets.org. Retrieved 2 November 2007, at http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/15722

Kubayanda, J.B. (1990) the Poet's Africa: Africanness in the Poetry of Nicolas Guillen and Aime Cesaire. New York: Greenwood Press.

Makward, E. (2002). The Poet of Negritude. African Arts, Vol. 35. Retrieved 2 November 2007 from www.questia.com

McKay, C. (2007). Harlem Shadows. Modern American Poems website.retrieved 2 November 2007, at http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/m_r/mckay/additionalpoems.htm

Senghor, L.(1964) Snow in Paris. In Selected poems. Translated and introduced by John Reed and Clive Wake. London, Oxford University Press.

Sources used in this document:
References

Cesaire, a.(1984) Africa. In Aime Cesaire: The Collected Poetry.Translated by Clayton Eshleman and Annette Smith, University of California Press.

Cullen, C. (1928). Harlem Wine. Retrieved 2 November 2007, at http://oldpoetry.com/opoem/52567-Countee-Cullen-Harlem-Wine

Cullen, C. (2007). Heritage.retrieved 2 November 2007, at http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/heritage/

Hughes, L. (2007) the Negro speaks of Rivers. Poets.org. Retrieved 2 November 2007, at http://www.poets.org/viewmedia.php/prmMID/15722
McKay, C. (2007). Harlem Shadows. Modern American Poems website.retrieved 2 November 2007, at http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/m_r/mckay/additionalpoems.htm
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Poem Incident by Countee Cullen
Words: 774 Length: 2 Document Type: Term Paper

Countee Cullen Imitation There was a time in my home town, While living with sister, mom, and brother I lived a life of innocence Not know I was other. There are thing we can't control In a world of fear and hate. So some just sit back quietly And try not to tempt fate. Though I still live here in this town I doubt I am the same No child can stay sweet

Harlem Renaissance Poems
Words: 848 Length: 3 Document Type: Essay

African-American culture flourished during the Harlem Renaissance. Although often characterized by and punctuated with the “double consciousness” of being both black and an American, the work of Harlem Renaissance writers and poets was variable and diverse. Countee Cullen is unique among Harlem Renaissance poets. Many of his works reflect the English poetic traditions, even more so than American or African-American ones. “Cullen considered the Anglo-American poetic heritage to belong as

Harlem Renaissance Literature and Art
Words: 1223 Length: 4 Document Type: Term Paper

Harlem Renaissance- Literature and Art The Harlem or Negro Renaissance marked the 20s and 30s as a period where the spirituality and potential of the African-American community was expressed in the most explosive way possible. Black art had been relatively unknown to the American public until then, at least to the urban communities. Centered in the Southern states and with a freedom of expression generally trampled with, black art expression was

African-American Poetry Studies: The Expression
Words: 596 Length: 2 Document Type: Term Paper

A cannot live on tomorrow's bread." (Langston Hughs) The poem of Hughs ends by expressing that freedom comes to be needed by those who are deprived the most of freedom. CULLEN: UNCLE JIM In the work of Cullen entitled "Uncle Jim" the entirety of understanding this poem is in the first line which states: White folks is white," says Uncle Jim" (Countree Cullen) In just the first line of this poem it is expressed how

Workplace Environment Exist Within Different
Words: 946 Length: 3 Document Type: Term Paper

One of the most important themes is about the tension that can oftentimes exist between a business and its surrounding community. In this particular story the tension occurs between the bank, as represented by its bank officer, and one of its customers, as represented by the fourteen-year-old schoolboy. The tension comes about when the bank refuses to allow the boy to withdraw money from his account due to his

Angry Andy
Words: 1112 Length: 3 Document Type: Application Essay

African-Americans: Harlem Renaissance and the Black Power Movement History does show that America has been a nation that has been seeing itself do some changes that have been happening over and over again. Also, America is recognized as being the home of the free and the brave. However, this nation that is considered to be beautiful has not at all times been this way. America has had to gone through a

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now