138). Papp focuses on martial therapy specifically, and suggests that the major criteria to be used in this case are the "definition of the presenting problem as a martial problem and a commitment and ability on the part of the couple to worn on their marriage" for at minimum 12 sessions (p. 139).
Further the central theme Papp focuses on is the notion that no matter what the problem in couples therapy the therapist must look for reciprocity in the relationship and the central notion around which this reciprocity is organized (p. 140). The ideas is that couples tend to choose partners where they are more likely to fall into patterns of over-adequacies and inadequacies that can normally be balanced, but often external events cause a shift in this balance which results in a problem. The idea is that for therapy to be effective in this case it must focus on a central emotional theme within the couple and analysis of how the couple negotiates to maintain their individual reciprocity (p. 141).
This makes sense, in essence Papp is suggesting that couples maintain a system of checks and balances by bargaining and engage in transactions meant to maintain balance.
Papp also introduces the notion of couples 'choreography' or a dance that married couples play to define their marital relationship in metaphors. She states that when these 'metaphors' or fantasies are acted out, and then the balance in a relationship can be disrupted (p. 163). Here systemic intervention may be helpful in addressing dilemmas.
Chapter 10: Case of Presentation, Anatomy of Violence
Here Papp attempts to discuss how a single approach can be applied to family members who habitually deal with violent behavior. Here Papp focuses on the conflict that occurs between therapist and the family over control, suggesting that the therapist can deliberately create a series of crises within the family in a manner that forces stress back into the family, which in turn compels the family to seek out ways (other than violent ones) to address the issue (p. 173).
This chapter makes approaching violence seem like very common sense business. She discusses how families tend to use 'ploys' to block change including violent threats and actions, and...
Group Annotated Bib Annotated Bibliography Crits-Christoph, P., Johnson, J.E., Connolly Gibbons, M.B., & Gallop, R. (2013). Process predictors of the outcome of group drug counseling. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 81(1), 23-34. The authors report that 93% of the substance abuse treatment programs in the United States use some form of group counseling and majority of these are based on 12 -- step programs that require abstinence and the philosophy that is
) may typically be used in the conduction of the activity; and 3) Activities can be standardized and adapted with a minimum of alteration for use across groups and members so that a common framework can be replicated. (Trotzer, 2004) The main feature of activities are: 1) Technical; and 2) Mechanical and have "...parameters and directions that make them merely tools." (Trotzer, 2004) Categorization of the activities of a group are on the
The preconception among many healthcare providers is that alcohol and drug use issues "are problems of the young" and hence, the article offers doctors, psychologists, nurses and other healthcare professionals to "wake-up call" that indeed older people suffer from "bereavement feelings of loneliness or depression" which often leads them into abusing alcohol and drugs (General OneFile). It seems that a group counseling session involving older people could achieve positive
Group counseling helps to advance self understanding and awareness which may combat repressive tendencies. Teaching coping skills in a group setting can help participants to develop needed tools and stimulate psychological growth (Lambie & Sias, 2009). Participants in group counseling also learn positive interpersonal/social skills that can be generalized beyond the hospital setting and applied in daily living (Shechtman, 2004). Cancer patients learn to adapt to novel social situations and
Notably, such groups are applicable in nonmedical atmosphere to help people not diagnosed with mental health issues. Given the significance of interpersonal and personal issues, the group leaders must work in unity with the clients to settle on the group sessions and its direction. Participants will be allowed to discuss their familial and interpersonal issues or stressors that they can determine that link to divorce and its effects. In
What he mentions that other authors did not mention -- and this paper views as imperative -- is for the facilitator to understand the salient goal he must have in mind is not abstinence but simply to encourage the client to return for the next appointment. According to the literature, the trend in group therapy leans towards client-centered, empathy-infused, open-minded and respectful treatment of clients, which is diametrically opposed
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