Greek Civilization:
Compare Greek religion in the two different periods in history in the eighth century, the time of Homer, and in the fifth century BCE, according to the following:
The different ways they believed their gods intervened.
During the Epic Age, that of Homer, they believed that the God directly intervened in the lives of human beings. Over time, as the rulers of Greece became more powerful, the population began to feel that although the Gods could control lives, they were mostly observers rather than direct participants.
Whether they believed their gods favored or punished specific individuals for moral reasons.
In the 8th century BC, the people believed that the Gods punished behavior, but that the punishments were more targeted at individuals who disrespected the gods rather than those who committed crimes or sins. As exemplified in Antigone, the people feared that if they defied the gods then they would be punished either in this life or in the afterlife, which is why she feels the need to properly bury her brother.
3. How personal and human-like they believed their gods were.
The older Greeks believed that the gods had humanistic tendencies, such as the constant mating with human beings. Also, stories from this period tended to give the Gods emotions. Later Greeks made the gods more of the traditional deity as it is known in the modern era.
B. Compare the Athenian political and social system to that of Sparta.
1. How did each address the problem of the conflict between private interests and the public good?
In Athens, the government was a democracy which meant that all the citizens had a say through the vote of their representatives. It would be the duty of that representative to act in the way which was best for the general population. The Spartans had an oligarchy with a single leader...
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