Economics
There is a concerted effort to bring developing nations into the global trade system. There are certainly success stories of nations that have been able to enjoy advantages from joining this system -- China in particular comes to mind -- but there is room for debate as to whether or not the neoliberal trade system is actually desirable for developing nations. There are a lot of issues at play, starting with the basic economics.
In general, the theory of comparative advantage argues that nations should open up trade, so that they can produce the goods in which they have a comparative advantage and sell them to buy the goods in which they do not. There are some fairly significant real world limitations to this theory, however. One is that trade is usually governed by absolute competitive advantage, not comparative advantage. If a company wants a good at a low cost, it will buy from the low cost supplier. If that supplier country has enough capacity, it will dominate the world market in that good. This can shut down other countries that otherwise would trade in that good. A lot of developing nations share fairly similar characteristics -- agrarian economies, limited industrialization, and myriad issues with things like transportation and corruption. There is the very real possibility that countries fitting that description and having limited natural resources will have very little to trade. A country with little to trade is at a disadvantage in a system where there is much to buy, but little to sell. Nations in sub-Saharan Africa and small tropical island nations in particular lack the advantages that would allow them to fully profit from the global trade system in the way that larger, more diversified nations can.
In some ways, many nations are still suffering the influence of colonialism. As part of broader economic systems, they were geared towards selling a handful of commodity goods, and their current economies often reflect this. Therein lies the problem -- if a country is no longer competitive in such a good, it is in a poor structural position to develop any further industries. It may, possibly, benefit from infant industry protections at the very least.
What occurs in countries with few disadvantages...
One can understand how this occurs from an economic perspective. With globalization, the individual economic entity, be it company, small firm or individual member of society, will no longer interact with the state in the economic field, but rather with one another, and this will occur not in a limited, stately environment, but on a large, unlimited, global scale. At the same time, globalization goes hand in hand with liberalization,
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