Geography - GIS Systems
Geographic information systems called GIS in short, is a constituent of all the complex geographic information technologies that exist today. The Global Positioning System or GPS and remote sensing are all parts of the emerging technologies that are today referred to as GIS systems. GIS thus encompasses both the digital and geographical techniques involved in the systems used for the processing and dissemination of geographic information. (New Horizons for the Social Sciences Geographic Information Systems) GIS may be defined as an automated system that allows the creation, editing, studying, analyzing and displaying spatially referenced data. A GIS has the capacity to manipulate several different spatial datasets at the same time. GIS plays a significant role in resource planning and other planned activities with reference to the geographical aspects of an activity. (Definitions)
GIS makes use of both the traditional disciplines as well as technology. It is a technology that makes use of a wide variety of disciplines and as such may be considered an enabling technology. Geography is a traditional discipline and is the science of comprehending the world and man's place on it and is a constituent of GIS. Geography has made use of spatial analysis for a very long time and this has often been done in the manual form that forms the starting blocks of spatial research and analysis. Cartography is the display of spatial information and is another constituent of GIS. Cartography happens to be the predominant source of data for input to GIS either digitized or scanned. Designing and creating maps forms a significant component in what is the output function of GIS, which gives rise to the popular myth that production of maps is the function of GIS. (What is a GIS and What Does It Do?)
Traditional cartography is now changing to digitalized and automated modes and so terms like digital cartography and automated cartography...
Geographical Information System (GIS) is any system that can captures, stores, bring an analysis, managing, and data that is linked to a particular location. Technically, a GIS system includes mapping software and its various applications adapted to remote sensing, surveying of land, aerial photography, arithmetic's, photogrammetric plus tools that can be implemented with use of GIS software. Even though, many refer to "Geographic Information System" as "the GIS" even though
Figure 2: "Information System for Geography" (GIS) 2. The Map View: A GIS consists of a set of intelligent maps and other views depicting features and feature relationships on the earth's surface. Students can use GIS to support their queries, make analyses, and edit information. With GIS, they can create maps of underlying geographic information and utilize the maps as "windows into the database," as noted by figures (3 & 4). Figure
The introduction of a GIS system that is first defined through the development and implementation of the applications all based on defining and then re-designing the processes by which GIS systems users will be able to do their jobs more efficiently is at the center of the human factors associated with GIS systems. Commonly referred to as change management, human factors are the study of how processes can be
Client server systems are a group of inter-related subsystems which collaborate together to provide a specific solution or service. This computing model structures diverse and distributed applications, which separates tasks between the providers (servers) and service seekers (clients). Keeping the purpose of this paper in view, the provider-server is the Geographical Informative System and the client is the U.S. government. This paper analyzes Geographical Informative System (GIS) as its client
Law Enforcement Benefits of GIS Applications for Law Enforcement Resources Police methods have changed dramatically around the world in recent years due to the advent of geo-positioning and improved computer-aided mapping techniques. As has happened throughout the history of policing, law enforcement officials have always tried to use new scientific research to their benefit. Since the object is the safety and comfort of local citizens, a major aspect of the mission for police
Cartography The geographic coordinate system basically refers to longitudinal and latitudinal lines and the reference points on them. The lines of longitude and latitude are based on the Earth's polar axis. Latitude lines are parallel to the equator, and are measured in degrees, with the equator's value set at 0 degrees. From the equator to each of the poles there are ninety latitude lines, for a total of 180. Latitudes north
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