Introduction
Global population growth has been on the rise from the beginning of time and the numbers just keep increasing since the fertility rates in some countries tend to have a flat line on the graph, but for others it’s always a declining phenomenon. By 1980, the population of the world is estimated to have been at 5 billion and the number has always increased gradually due to some reasons that will be discussed in this essay. According to Malcolm(2012, pg. 18), at a population growth rate of 90million per year from the 1990s, it is estimated by the United Nations that the world population will be 20 billion and it continues to grow as the quality of life is believed to have increased.

Several factors have led to steady growth of population all over the world and these include the improvement in the quality of life. The kind of food people ate was healthier, more food was available to feed the growing population since the agricultural ways had improved and this enabled people to live longer since they were well fed. Revolution in science is another factor that enabled medicines and effective ways of treating disease to improve the lives of people and they were able to live longer since access to better medical care was guaranteed. According to Zhou (2009, economic enquiry), a healthy population shows the mortality rate decrease since better healthcare means a healthy nation.

There are different explanations as to why the population growth has staggered over the years in some countries and has increased rapidly in others. In the 17th century, population growth was slow and unsteady due to the various factors like war, famine, epidemics and pandemics causing havoc and killing millions of people and with rudimentary technology then, there was no better solution for the problem but rather the wait and see attitude. Fast forward to the 21st century and the technology is revolutionized. There is effective healthcare, food security, and security of the people since wars are not that prevalent in world right now so it gives people the ability to live peacefully and have a chance to grow.

There is a clear contrast in these statistics between developed countries and developing countries when it comes to population growth. In developed countries, the fertility rates...…to P. Ndemo (2016), the population of Nairobi, a city in Kenya is an estimated 6 million and continues to grow as there are various attractions, just like in other major cities in developing nations. Technology hubs are set up there thus attracting people, major government institutions are there and this does attract people to the city and more employment opportunities are available in the urban areas so much more people will continue to flood the urban areas with the hope of making it and getting goodies from the urban areas.

In conclusion, human population has been growing and continues to grow as long as there is food and one is able to breed offspring. Good governance, technological innovations, wars, pandemics, social reforms and employment opportunities are some of the factors that affect the population statistics in both developed and developing nations. It is important to remember when looking at the trend of population growth, in developed nations, it has increased but their standards of living continues to improve in contrast with developing nations whose population numbers have increased since the 1950s but the standard of living continues to deteriorate.

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