FinTech and the Financial Industry
Introduction
Currently, it is impossible to think of a world without the internet and mobile devices. These have become core elements in our lifestyle and they have brought with them a high degree of disruption in virtually every area of businesses, with no exception to the financial services sector. This digital revolution is transforming how customers access financial services and products. The financial sector might have experienced some degree of change in the past. However, this constant penetration of technology-driven applications in almost all segments of financial services is something new. The phenomenon that has been accelerating the pace of change and reshaping the financial industry is known as FinTech.
What is FinTech?
FinTech refers to the usage of technology across all financial services functions. For example, replacing paper-based processes with applications and software. In the past, FinTech was mostly used in the back-office functions via software that was aimed at assisting bank personnel to handle accounts, manage customer databases, and execute transactions. However, FinTech has now transformed how many banks currently operate. Technology is no longer relegated to the gloomy corners of back-offices, it has taken center stage. FinTech is mainly about innovation, transformation, and disruption, and it will without doubt impact and shape how financial institutions across the globe operate. FinTech is the driver to the disruption that is taking place in financial services, and it is reshaping the way consumers and companies are engaging by changing how, when, and where financial services and products are provided (Manoj, John, Haskell, Steve, & Dean, 2016). Thanks to FinTech every digital transaction is possible at customers fingertips be it foreign currency exchange, online shopping, money transfers, or stock investments. FinTech places technology at the heart of financial services, which fundamentally changes how companies interact with their customers. The proliferation of FinTech has resulted in a number of positive impacts towards the society that include the reduction in the prices paid by customers, increased competition, and wider access to financial services amongst the traditionally underserved.
FinTech is at the intersection of financial services and technology sectors where start-ups that are technology-focused and new market entrants innovate on the services and products that are currently being offered by the traditional financial services industry (Lu, 2017). For this reason, FinTech has been gaining momentum and it has been causing disruption to the traditional value chain of financial services. The financial services sector is continuously being fueled by FinTech. It is no longer a secret that customers are doing more business with these non-traditional players and this is causing uncertainty to the financial industry. Current incumbents have been forced to react to this and they are trying to work with FinTech in order to leverage on the ecosystem that has been created. This means they need to turn the innovation into an advantage and eliminate their concerns around their business being at risk. It should be understood that the accelerating pace of technological change is the most creative force, and it is also the most destructive force in the financial services ecosystems today.
The main drivers for FinTech have been mobility and the internet. With the increasing penetration of smartphones, customers have an easier way to interact with their respective banks and get real-time views of their bank accounts. As the mobile applications grew in sophistication so did the needs and demands of the customer for more intuitive banking services. Digital transformation in the banking industry that is coupled with mobility has managed to transform the nature of banking. Customers do not have to experience the long queues and waiting times in the banking halls in order to deposit money, request for checkbooks, or conduct trades. They can be able to perform all these functions straight from their mobile phones.
Current Status of the FinTech Industry
The FinTech industry growth has experienced exponential growth within a short period of time. In just one year between 2013 and 2014, the FinTech industry grew by approximately 400 percent, this is from $3billion to more than $12 billion. The industry has also seen a total global investment from 2010 to 2015 of $49.7 billion, with only 25 percent representing $12.7 billion being invested in the first and second quarters of 2015. Looking at the financial year 2017 the first quarter saw the industry receiving 1.8 billion globally. This demonstrates that the future of FinTech is bright and it is growing with each passing year. According to the World Bank Group, close to 42 percent of the global population does not have access to any formal financial systems (Oshodin, Molla, Karanasios, & Ong, 2017). This fact presents a huge opportunity for the FinTech industry to tackle...
…products to the consumers. The supply side is seeing a majority of industries seeing the introduction of new technologies that allow the industries to create an entirely new way of serving their existing needs and change the current industry value chains.In the areas that traditional banks are failing FinTech is succeeding. Clients are becoming more used to the digital experience that is offered by companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, and Facebook that they expect the same level of experience from their financial services providers. FinTech has identified this need and it has managed to ride the waves of disruption with solutions that better address the needs of the customers by offering enhanced convenience, accessibility, and products tailored to the consumers. The main priority has been customer centricity, which has been lacking in the financial services industry. Banks have been unable to meet the needs of digital native clientele, and this has created an entry point for FinTech. An increased focus on the customer, which has been lacking in the traditional banks and financial institutions is the main focus of FinTech, and by using this route the startups have managed to disrupt and penetrate to the consumer levels (Brandl & Hornuf, 2017). Normally it is not easy to receive financial services, but FinTech has made it easier for everyone to adopt modern FinTech solutions. The only requirements for using these services is downloading an app and entering an email address. This is way much easier when compared to the requirements placed by banks for opening an account. The bureaucratic nature of financial institutions has limited their level of innovation and this results in higher disruptions taking place (Gomber, Kauffman, Parker, & Weber, 2018). FinTech is mostly small companies that have a footing in technology and they are innovative. This makes it easier for them to adopt new technologies and change their mode of operation faster than any financial institution.
Conclusion
The disruption of the financial services is happening and this disruption is driven by FinTech. Financial services providers need to recognize the impact that FinTech has on the industry and focus on the positives in order to embrace the technologies. Consumers have changed the way they interact with financial services and it is vital the institutions realize this factor. Leveraging on the emerging technologies and focusing on the customer will allow the institutions to…
References
Brandl, B., & Hornuf, L. (2017). Where Did Fintechs Come from, and Where Do They Go? The Transformation of the Financial Industry in Germany after Digitalization.
Gomber, P., Kauffman, R. J., Parker, C., & Weber, B. W. (2018). Special Issue: Financial Information Systems and the Fintech Revolution: Taylor & Francis.
Lu, L. (2017). How a Little Ant Challenges Giant Banks? The Rise of Ant Financial (Alipay)’s Fintech Empire and Relevant Regulatory Concerns.
Lu, L. (2018). Decoding Alipay: mobile payments, a cashless society and regulatory challenges.
Manoj, K., John, S., Haskell, G., Steve, D., & Dean, N. (2016). Blurred lines: How FinTech is shaping Financial Services. Retrieved from PwC London, UK: https://www.pwc.com/id/en/financial-services/fs%20publication/FinTech%20Global%20Report.pdf
Manoj, K., John, S., Haskell, G., Steve, D., & Dean, N. (2017). Redrawing the lines: FinTech’s growing influence on Financial Services. Retrieved from PwC London, UK: https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/industries/financial-services/assets/pwc-global-fintech-report-2017.pdf
Oshodin, O., Molla, A., Karanasios, S., & Ong, C. E. (2017). Is FinTech a Disruption or a New Eco-system? An Exploratory Investigation of Banksr Response to FinTech in Australia. Paper presented at the Proceeding of Australasian Conference on Information Systems.
Shim, Y., & Shin, D.-H. (2016). Analyzing China’s fintech industry from the perspective of actor–network theory. Telecommunications Policy, 40(2-3), 168-181.
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