One-fifth or 20 per cent of the monies from the additional government funds went directly to universities, which also saw an increase in external funding. This level of financial commitment to the Finland educational system is critical as the mix of colleges and universities are predominantly public with the minority being private yet very expensive. Finland's government and national priority is to lead all OECD nations in educational investment, an accomplishment the country has consistently attained (Westerholm, 2009). Engineering is the most dominant academic discipline that Finland's students get advanced degrees in, with medicine, engineering and social sciences dominating the majority of PhDs in the country (Koulutus 1999-2004). The government spends an inordinately high level of their budget on education due to Nokia's human resources forecasts indicating that an additional 6,000 workers with advanced degrees are needed to fuel new product development (Doz, & Kosonen, 2008) and that the company must often look to Japan, the U.S. And Germany for engineering talent at the PhD level.
Religious Systems
Overwhelmingly Lutheran (82.5%) Finland was heavily influenced by the Protestant Reformation that spread through Northern Europe and has a dominant role in the society today. Orthodoxy is practiced by 1.1% of Finnish residents, mainly due to the religions' influence from neighboring Russia. Christianity (non-denominational) is represented by 1% of the total population as well. The religious make-up of the country is consistent with the Scandinavian region where Lutheranism is dominant.
National Technology Maturity
The myriad telephone systems...
Advanced Directive The 1991 the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) was designed to give patients and their families greater autonomy over making decisions in regards to end-of-life care and minimizing the extension life beyond what would be considered a 'quality' level. It has been said that "advanced care planning increases the quality of life of dying patients, improves the experience of family members and decreases health care costs" for patients of a
Advanced directive may be one of the most important and underutilized tools in estate planning and health planning. This is partially due to the stigma that people have about advanced directives, as if, by planning how to deal with health issues, they are somehow going to cause health problems. However, the reality is that most people will encounter at least one medical emergency during their lifetime. In the event that
However, it does mean that some things will be different from the normal line of treatment. ("Advance Medical Directives.," n. d.); (Feldman, Mitchell D; Christensen, John F. (2007) The fact that resuscitation of a patient through CPR will not add significantly to the quantity and quality of life is an indication that death may not be very far off and that medicine does not have the power to turn around
advance directives. The writer explores what they are and possible solution to reduce problems with them. There were three sources used to complete this paper. The past few decades have seen an increase in law suits revolving around the final medical wishes of those who fall ill. Media coverage has provided the nation with front row coverage when it comes to people in comas, vegetative states, and no hope of
For example, Wissow and colleagues (2004) collected gender, age, ethnicity, and levels of clinic/ED use. This information may provide valuable insight into who is most likely to create an advanced directive in response to the intervention. The time frame for the study was not mentioned or how long after the intervention the survey instrument would be presented to intervention participants. This could be relevant because some individuals exposed to
The DPAHC permits a person to name a successor to their proxy in the event that the proxy dies or otherwise not capable to assist in making choices at the time of need. It also permits a person to ascertain other constraint for boundaries of power. In most states it would also be legal to unite the two documents if a person wanted to (Cranston, n.d.). Discussions with relatives, legal
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