Others argue that it is paternalistic sexism to prohibit women from making a living with their bodies, though men are not prohibited from engaging in their most profitable forms of physical labor. There is no ideal answer regarding the question of the commoditization of sexuality. On the contrary, "both commodification and noncommodification may be harmful...under our current social conditions." Therefore, the issue becomes; which option is more likely to lead to more ideal social conditions? The fact is that, while some individual prostitutes may be better able to attain de facto equality if allowed to pursue prostitution, because it is their best available financial option, prostitution, on the whole, perpetuates the idea of women as "things." In addition, while some people claim that prostitution is a victimless crime, even when prostitutes are truly consenting sex partners, the crime does have victims. Wives, girlfriends, and children of johns are victimized by prostitution. However, they are not victimized in a criminal manner; the criminal prosecution of adultery has long-been abandoned. Therefore, it appears that, even if prostitution remains criminalized, johns, whose individual behavior is more likely to have a detrimental impact on society than prostitutes', should be penalized more harshly than prostitutes. However, in reality, the opposite is the case. Domestic violence is another area that is largely gender-driven. Conventional research suggests that women are much more likely to be domestic violence victims than men. However, a growing body of research challenges that assumption, and suggests that men and women are battered at the same rate. Regardless of the battering rate, the biological, inescapable differences in strength between males and females dictate that women are more likely to be severely injured or killed by domestic violence than men. In fact, each day, three women in the United States are murdered by their domestic partners. Therefore, it should come as no surprise that one of the hot-button legal issues of the last two decades is deciding what type of physical force a female domestic violence victim can use against a male...
The issue is not whether juries will agree with a battered woman's argument that her actions were self-defense, but whether the jury will even hear a self-defense instruction. This issue often turns on a defendant's ability to prove an overt act of abuse by a victim. When the issue does come before a jury, a jury is oftentimes left to decide whether a woman's use of a weapon against an unarmed domestic violence aggressor was acceptable, which is a very gendered question. Many feminist scholars would suggest that a woman's use of a weapon against an unarmed aggressor is a reasonable use of force when that aggressor is male because of the size and strength differences between the average male and female. However, others would argue that force can only reasonably be met with like force and that victims, domestic violence or otherwise, are not permitted to escalate non-deadly force to deadly levels when exercising the right to defend themselves.
Social justice is a multifaceted and complex concept that has evolved over time to embody ideals of fairness, equality, and human rights within societies. It encompasses a wide range of issues such as economic equality, access to education, health care, the rights of marginalized communities, and more (Rawls, 1971). The pursuit of social justice aims to ensure that individuals and groups have equitable opportunities and are not subjected to discrimination
Violence Becker, S, Tinkler, J (2015) 'Me Getting Plastered and Her Provoking My Eyes': Young People's Attribution of Blame for Sexual Aggression in Public Drinking Spaces, Feminist Criminology, 10(3): 235-258. This article is about how "unregulated" barroom aggression that is sexual in nature can lead to questions of hostile conflicts that are confused and not very well studied by researchers. So this study examines this environment to better understand what causes this
Female Sex Offenders Are female sex offenders more evil than male sex offenders? Biological differences in men and women have been thought to contribute to predispositions for various criminal activities. For example, hormonal differences exist between genders and cause significant alterations in behaviors. Men generally have more testosterone which has been correlated with aggressive and competitive behavior in some studies. However, women have higher levels of estrogen and different biological compositions. Studies
, 1994)." (Salazar, 253) This is not just troubling as a statistical illustrator of the problem's prevalence but it is indicative of a much larger cultural condition predisposing us to violence toward women. With ties to the patriarchal machinations of the country's monarchical origins and a dependency upon the fortification of such leanings in modern legal, social and even familial structure, the issue of domestic violence is very much a
The novel opens seven years after Gabo's mother, Ximena, was murdered by coyotes -- or paid traffickers -- during an attempt to cross the border. Her mutilated body was found, her organs gone -- sold most likely. Because of the fear surrounding this border town and the lure of the other side, all of the characters become consumed with finding Rafa. These people are neglected and abused. Like other fiction
Black Lives Matter is a social movement facilitated by social media, which critiques multiple forms of injustice and disparity. The movement can be viewed as the latest in a string of attempts to achieve racial parity and universal civil rights in the United States, but has been more narrowly defined by the movement's concern with race-based police brutality and racialized violence. Beneath this oversimplification of the Black Lives Matter movement
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