" (Naigle, 2005) Naigle states that while viewing the television has been liked to dissatisfaction in female adolescents with their body "there are no strong correlations linking this channel of communication to proactive drives for thinness or eating disorder behaviors like there are with magazine consumption. And within television viewing, different types of programming are more influential than others." (Naigle, 2005) Television has been found to "...distort and make light of serious societal issues." (Naigle, 2005) Naigle states additionally: "Across all the programs there was an average of 3.5 incidents of gender or sexual harassment per episode; 33% of all episodes contained some form of harassment. While harassment is not necessarily a main topic in situational comedies, it is used often for humor. The use of a serious societal issue for humor belittles the impact of the problem and reinforces stereotypes and negative perceptions surrounding the issue. This sends out the message that sexual harassment is funny; it is not meant to be taken seriously. Often sexual harassment is presented without being named. By not labeling the actions, they are seen as trivial and dismissible. This leaves adolescent females with the impression that such degrading and male-empowering actions are inconsequential..." (Naigle, 2005) Another problem is that the portrayal of women on television is such that they are "generally depicted as less serious employees. They are less competent, more emotional and reactionary, and less reliable than their male colleagues." (Naigle, 2005) A great influence on adolescent females are music videos, which are stated to be "...more than any other genre of television programs, have been found to have the strongest influence over adolescent females when portraying how women should look and behave." The work of Seidemen (1999) states findings that all television portrayals of "domestic cleaning persons, fashion models and prostitutes were females. One third of all women portrayed wore revealing attire or undergarments; compared to only seven percent of men. Males were shown as more aggressive and violent than women. And women were 40 times more likely than males to be shown as passive, dependant, and emotional." (Naigle, 2005) According to Naigle (2005) "If watching music videos has been found to be positively correlated to health harming actions, such as tobacco use and sexual promiscuity, in adolescent females,...
It has already been found that viewing objectifications of women's bodies found in music videos can lead to feelings of body image dissatisfaction It is therefore also possible that the continued viewing of women in subservient roles could result in adolescent females believing that they are naturally meant to take a subordinate status in society." (Naigle, 2005) The study of Durham (1998) states findings that messages, both indirect and direct in nature actively promoted adolescent girls in developing, maintaining and using their sexuality." (Naigle, 2005)
" (Anderson, et al., 2003) The study reported by Roberts, Christenson and Gentile (2003) provided a summary of a study that is unpublished but that states findings of a "positive correlation between amount of MTV watching and physical fights among third- through fifth-grade children. In addition, children who watched a lot of MTV were rated by peers as more verbally aggressive, more relationally aggressive, and more physically aggressive than other
Children's Drawing Ability and Cognitive Development There is scarcely a refrigerator door in America in homes with children that does not have one or more pictures attached to it with magnets providing proof positive that these young learners are expressing themselves in healthy ways. Over time, these pictorial representations typically increase in complexity and begin to actually resemble the things they are intended to represent, and most parents accept this
Child Care Developmental Observation of Five-Year-old Statement of Research/Observation: To observe a five-year-old female child in her natural setting to determine age appropriate developmental stages. Description of Child Being Observed: The subject is a five-year-old female: Maribel. Planning Stages: My friend has a five-year-old niece. The subject's mother was contacted and agreed to allow the observations to take place in her home and on the playground. The project was discussed and plans were made to
I hypothesizes that children at what Piaget would call a preoperational stage do in fact perform complex analysis of numbers and situations, but that they approach this analysis is a tentative and relative way which is open to influence and negation from outside sources. More succinctly: children at early stages do perform conservation but consider it relative to mitigating factors and prone to correction. The following few pages will follow an
Child Beauty Pageants Children's beauty pageants have gotten a great deal of negative publicity in recent years, partially because of the sensationalistic coverage in the media via shows like Toddlers and Tiaras. The program depicts the vicious, back-biting, behind-the-scenes drama of competition in which young children dress up as much older, highly sexualized women often because they are pushed to do so by overly driven stage mothers. However, criticisms of beauty
Children Raised by Same-Sex Parents have more Problems than Children Raised by Different-Sex or Single Parents As more and more states legalize same-sex marriages, there is growing concerning among many proponents and critics alike about the effect that these civil unions will have on children. Although many children of same-sex unions are from previous heterosexual unions, adoption is also being used by growing numbers of same-sex partners and new reproductive technologies
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