But the diversity of legal authorities, budgets and staff levels of oversight agencies would not allow this to happen smoothly (Caruso).
The proposed Public Transportation Safety Program Act of 2009 hoped to authorize the Department of Transportation to establish the minimum safety standards for all rail systems throughout the country (Caruso, 2009). It would also give the department the choice of creating a safety program for public bus systems. The bill would allow federal assistance for the States' oversight personnel in enforcing the new rules. They would also require state safety agencies to be financially independent from the transit systems under their supervision (Caruso).
Is it time that the federal government step in and take over the safety regulation of local rail transit system (Caruso, 2009)? Or is it just that the existing state-based system simply needs improvement and more funding? It must be time to fix the appropriate federal role in the heightening rail transit safety situation (Caruso).
Conclusion: The Better Choice
Like Congress and state legislatures, local governing bodies, such as city councils or town boards, are composed of representatives formally chosen by the people they govern (Gifford, 2013). Working and maintaining for the best interest of a given community is much easier and more appropriate if the decision-making function comes from those who oversee the operations of the locality so that the residents will directly benefit from their services. Operation and oversight by the local government better allow the directly and popularly elected representatives to be more effective. They are also more easily identified and relate with as friends, neighbors or fellow workers. Thus, they are much more approachable and easier to reach than federal officials (Gifford).
Local governments are better able to deliver their tax-paid and funded services...
Once more oriented to the minimal statistics gathering and funding assistance between more or less watertight compartments, intergovernmental relations (IGR) has evolved into dynamic and highly integrated sets of behaviors, not only between agents of government but among a host of non-governmental actors, non-profit and for-profit." (Agranoff, 2008) Agranoff states that intergovernmental relations appear to have started with "the territorial organization of states, often termed in international nomenclature as
For example, we could consider a local agricultural project. The local and state expertise in determining what are the right decisions to be made on this project should be more useful and in a more timely manner than decisions that could be made at a federal level. In the current security and economic environment, the answer is probably somewhere mid-way between all the notions previously presented. From this perspective, a
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Participatory Budgeting CMA In the late-capitalist era during the late twentieth century restructuring of Canada's municipalities toward a new model of intergovernmental alliances, known as 'city-regional' governance, the importance of Public Choice as praxis to reconfiguration of the nation's market relations was asserted by urban planning and political theorists interested in the impetus and affects of the what became known as the Consolidation Movement. A decade of exposure to James Lightbody's
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