FDA: Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER)
And Over-the-counter Weight Loss Medications
Obesity is one of the most serious epidemics facing the American public. "Over two-thirds of adults in the United States are overweight or obese, and over one-third are obese" (Overweight and obesity statistics, 2012, WIN). To address concerns about obesity, many adults turn to over-the-counter medications like dietary supplements that promise the user easy weight loss. The medications usually claim to increase metabolism and suppress appetite, while some also claim to inhibit the absorption of carbohydrates and calories. According to a recent study: "an estimated 15.2% of adults (women 20.6%, men 9.7%) had ever used a weight-loss supplement and 8.7% had past year use (women 11.3%, men 6.0%); highest use was among women aged 18 to 34 years (16.7%)" (Blanck et al. 2007). The FDA has tried to prevent the use of weight loss supplements with tainted ingredients and those which make misleading claims. However, from a legal standpoint, it is more difficult to regulate the natural supplement industry, versus prescribed medications that must pass through rigorous safety and purity screening.
"FDA regulates both finished dietary supplement products and dietary ingredients under a different set of regulations than those covering 'conventional' foods and drug products... Under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA), the dietary supplement or dietary ingredient manufacturer is responsible for ensuring that a dietary supplement or ingredient is safe before it is marketed" (Dietary supplements, 2012, FDA). The FDA monitors truthfulness as well as safety regarding claims made by supplement manufacturers. However, a natural supplement does not have to pass through different phases of clinical trials to win approval, like a prescription drug....
Given that there is no expectation of substantial equivalence, the following process will need to be undertaken. The 510(K) that needs to be submitted is the Traditional. A Special is for modifications to products that already have 510(k) approval, so that does not apply in this case. An Abbreviated 510(K) applies when a product is approved for this process by the FDA. There is little explanation on the FDA website
Phase II consists of efficacy trials of the drug, which are tested on volunteers of the target population. When everything goes right, the drug manufacturer discusses the development process, continued human testing, other concerns and protocols for phase III with the FDA. Phase III is the more extensive. It is at this time that the manufacture can work for the accelerated development and review of the drug. Treatment IND
Gene Therapy FDA Ethics can be considered to come from personal values. From both a medical and a business perspective, ethics are the reasons that some news stories should be followed from beginning to end and all in between. "On Sunday morning, 23 February 1997, the world awoke to a technological advance that shook the foundations of biology and philosophy. On that day, we were introduced to Dolly, a 6-month-old lamb that
Divisions of the FDA The FDA is in charge of the regulation of pharmaceutical drugs and medical devices, as part of its mandate to safeguard the U.S. health care system. One unit for this is the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), which approves medical devices. The unit that approves drugs is the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER). There is also the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research
Administrative Law REGULATING STEM CELL THERAPY Administrative Agency: Food and Drug Administration Article 1 Section 1 of the federal Constitution creates administrative agencies, which are law-making entities but with limited powers (USLegal, 2014). The rules and regulations created by an administrative agency are lawfully enforceable. It assists in the faster management of cases and is, therefore, a big help to U.S. courts. The administrative process is also a valuable resource for other important
This situation illustrates the difficulties in navigating an uncertain regulatory environment. 3. It is reasonable that the WHO guidelines are used as the framework for U.S. policy. The U.S. system, however, is unique in certain ways. You alluded to the need to encourage innovation. The balance between innovation and cost control is different in the U.S. than in Europe, so I think that is why U.S. policy will look slightly
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