Katherine Kolcaba Comfort Theory
Comfort is an obvious objective in providing a level of quality of care in a nursing environment. Yet, at the same time, most concepts of "comfort" are based off subjective or heuristic accounts and not holistically explored. Katharine Kolcaba begin building her theory of comfort during graduate school and received her PhD in 1997; and since that time her theories have taken root among many researchers. Comfort has been defined for nursing as the satisfaction (actively, passively or co-operatively) of the basic human needs for relief, ease or transcendence among from health care situations that are stressful; nursing case is designed to meet or continue meeting needs that fall under the domain of the discipline (Kolcaba, 1994). Kolcaba used this definition to build a framework that could more systematically explore the role of comfort in patients as well as in nursing outcomes. This analysis will provide an overview of Kolcaba's theory, as well as some of the applications that have been studied using the theory of comfort.
Defining Comfort
When Kolcaba began to formulate her theories into what later became comfort theory, there was previous research that had been conducted that began to explore the concepts related to comfort. For example, Kolcaba (1992) had already diagrammed a two-dimensional map and defined the concept of comfort in nursing. Later, Kolcaba (1994) defined comfort for nursing as the satisfaction (actively, passively or co-operatively) of the basic human needs for relief, ease or transcendence among from health care situations that are stressful; nursing case is designed to meet or continue meeting needs that fall under the domain of the discipline (Kolcaba, 1994).
The basic assumptions of the theory of comfort are that (a) human beings have holistic responses to complex stimuli, (b) comfort is a desirable holistic outcome that is germane to the discipline of nursing, and (c) human beings strive to meet, or to have met, their basic comfort needs; these assumptions underpin the theory of comfort and are m concert with an intra-actional perspective m which the components of a whole person response are related and assessed comprehensively (Kolcaba, 1994). There are many different facets to an individual acquiring a level of "comfort" during periods of ill health and these factors must be viewed from a holistic manner. The role of nurses is to minimize patient stress by providing relief, ease, and transcendence in a range of different contexts that coalesce to provide comfort to an individual throughout the duration of their healthcare needs.
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