The fact that my father's family had managed to hold onto their traditions for so long despite pressures from everywhere to abandon them is a testament to the resolve of my father's family (Magun, 2010).
It did not take long for my family to become a pizza, hot dog, and hamburger style Americans but one of the things that my friends found so interesting about my family were the Ukrainian traditions that we continued to honor and observe. My parents were in their 40s when we emigrated so they were well indoctrinated into the Ukrainian diet and social mores and, despite their willingness to adapt to the American life-style, inside their own home they continued to live in much the same way that they also had. Fresh breads of all varieties were a constant staple in our home. Several blocks from our home was a little bakery that specialized in Eastern Europe breads and my mother, who by this time had begun working out of the home and did not have time to make her own breads, was one the bakery's best customers. Other than breads, our diet consisted of potato dishes in all forms and some sort of soup at every dinner (Dabars, 2002). My friends always considered this odd but, for me, it was all I ever knew.
We ate very little beef in our home. When we first came to America I remember thinking how odd that there were hamburgers on the menu of nearly every restaurant. In the Ukraine this would be unheard of as pork and pork products such as sausage and ham were the primary meat product. As we became more Americanized, my sister and I would go with our friends to McDonald's or Burger King but inside our home pork remained the dominant meat product.
Without a doubt our family's participation in the Russian Orthodox provided a stabilizing influence and reinforced our ties to our home in the Ukraine. Our small Church in America could have been easily placed on a street in downtown Kiev (ROCIA, 2005). It looked nearly identical to the one where we worshiped in Kiev and except for the fact that the priest performed the liturgy in English there was no noticeable difference. I could easily imagine myself back in Kiev when I entered our Russian Orthodox Church here in America. For us, in keeping the tradition of our religion, Easter was the big holiday. When we first arrived in America we were surprised to what a big deal Americans made out of Christmas. We celebrated Christmas in the Ukraine but for us Easter was the big celebration not Christmas.
Although my family managed to maintain most of their traditions relative to religion, holidays, and diet we failed to continue the use of either our native Ukrainian language or our Russian. When we first arrived in America we used both languages extensively in the home and when we were together as a family outside the house but over time this practice began to decline. My sister and I were the first to begin using English inside our house. Once we began to establish friendships and our friends would visit our home it was inconvenient for us to switch between the languages. In fact, in some ways, it was embarrassing for me when my parents would continue to speak to me in the presence of my friends in either Russian or Ukrainian. By the time I reached high school English was spoken nearly 24/7 in our home but both of my parents retained little pet phrases and nicknames in Russian and Ukrainian that they would use when the time was appropriate and they wanted to make a point. Surprisingly, I have not lost the ability to talk to my two surviving grandparents in Russian and do so exclusively whenever I have the opportunity to talk with them.
It has been interesting growing up in America as immigrants from a nation that many Americans grew up despising. When my family came to America the Soviet Union had only recently broken up and most of my friends and acquaintances looked upon me initially as some form of refugee (Bates, 2004). They would ask me questions about how bad things were in Kiev before we "escaped?" Or they would ask me how horrible was my life in Kiev? At first, being only 9, I was not sure how to respond. I had no recollection that we escaped...
[footnoteRef:24] the act required, according to Hausner, detached, painstaking planning and the cooperation of thousands in order to destroy six million Jews and an untold number of others. Over 1,500 Jewish centers and thousands of communities had been erased. Of the 9.8 million Jews that were living in areas of Europe that would later be annexed by the Nazis, over half were dead by the end of the war.[footnoteRef:25] for
Roberto Rosellini's "Open City" with regard to the war in Rome and "Paisa" for a view of different aspects of the war (religious tolerance, sex, inability to communicate and partisan activities, "Seven Beauties" (a grotesquely comic alternative view of the war) as well as Ignazio Silone, (Fontamara) for the prewar attitudes and Giorgio Bassani (The Garden of the Finzi Contini) for the life and attitudes of Jews and gentiles
Labor History1) A Globalized EconomyA globalized economy is one in which economic activities, products, and services move freely across national borders both through trade and investment. This type of economy results in an interdependence between countries and has grown increasingly interconnected with the development of the Internet and the speed at which goods can be moved from one part of the world to another. It has resulted in complex supply
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