Falls
The authors attempted to find a new way of measuring falls -- they were dissatisfied with the previous measure used -- and they argued that all aspects can be measured by the number of events divided by the number of opportunities for that event to occur.
In regards to falls, they argued that if you wanted to know how many falls resulted in fractures you would use the numerator as the number of patient falls that resulted in fractures and the denominator would be the totality of falls. So for instance if there were 20 falls that resulted in fractures and 100 falls altogether it would be 20/100 otherwise read as 20%. The numerator tells you what you want to study / question or investigates, and this -- the authors say -- can be as general or as specific as possible.
The problem is how you define falls. The authors in questions, for instance, say that it took them 8 months to arrive at a mutually agreed definition:
What might seem to a layperson a straightforward concept can be quite complicated.
For example, does a "fall" have to result in the patient being on the floor? Can a patient "fall" if that patient is being assisted onto a chair by a caregiver? Does a "fall" have to be observed by another to distinguish it from a collapse or a faint? (p.30)
Their definition was arrived at only because...
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