" Of course, he expressed opposition to the first method, simply because it defeats the purpose of the American Revolution, which was to gain independence and autonomy as a nation composed of individuals with free will and liberty. The second method, however, is not also feasible, since to grant the interest of one faction would force the government to grant the other's interest, and the resulting state is a government in conflict with different factions who want to govern the people. These problems will be resolved, according to Madison, through a republic. In the republican form of government, "a scheme of representation takes place, opens a different prospect, and promises the cure for which we are seeking." This...

In a republic, "delegation of the government" becomes possible, giving the civil society -- that is, every sector of the society -- the chance to express the "great and aggregate interests being referred to the national, the local and particular to the State legislatures." Thus, Madison believed that it was only in a republic that the U.S. would truly achieve its objectives and fully realize its goals as an independent nation and state.