Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is like a recipe for a chemical reaction. It tells about how much of each ingredient (reactant) you will need to get to the final product. For example you can say it is like making a sandwich. Each sandwich needs 2 slices of bread and 1 slice of cheese. If you have 10 slices of bread and 5 slices of cheese, you can make 5 sandwiches. The cheese becomes the limiting reactant because you run out of it first, limiting the total number of sandwiches you can make.
Or you can say it is like making smores. You need 2 graham crackers, 1 marshmallow, and 1 piece of chocolate to make 1 s'more. If you have 10 marshmallows, 10 pieces of chocolate, but only 15 graham crackers, you can make only 7 s'mores because you'll run out of graham crackers first. They are your "limiting reactant" because they limit the number of s'mores you can make.
In chemistry, then, when hydrogen gas (H2) reacts with oxygen gas (O2) to make water (H2O), the balanced equation is 2H2 + O2 ? 2H2O. If there are 6 molecules of H2 and 6 molecules of O2, H2 is the limiting reactant because it will run out first. This sets the maximum amount of water that can be produced (Chapter 4, n.d.).
Stoichiometry is thus clearly evident because it helps chemists predict the number of products formed in a reaction and identify the limiting reactant. This is a great way to understand expected outcomes and why they are happening. It is also a good way to make sure that resources are used efficiently in industrial processes and research. This concept helps chemists understand how much of each chemical they need and how much product they can expect to make in a reaction. It is a basic idea in chemistry that helps in planning experiments and understanding how reactions work.Top of Form
References
Chapter 4. (n.d.). PDF.
