Verified Document

Existence Of The Industrial Revolution. Term Paper

The industry and services presented the highest increases, and the gap between labor productivity in agriculture and the one in industry significantly increased The Eastern and South-Eastern European countries' economic evolution suffered important transformations, with quantitative and qualitative restructurings

Maintaining the inequalities between European countries, given their distinct evolution

The heterogeneity of options regarding European development strategies

It is considered that the war delayed the European economy's evolution with approximately 8 years, which means that the 1929 production quantum might have been attained in 1921 if it had not been for the war and if the growth rates before 1913 would have been maintained (Kennedy, pp 361).

2.2. The Great Depression and European Economy's Post-crisis situation

The Great depression that took place between 1929 and 1933 was a global phenomenon that manifested with various intensity levels in each country. During this period, word's economy was simultaneously confronted with the financial crisis, the production and trade crisis, and the social crisis.

In the 1920's the international economic system was characterized by instability because Great Britain and the U.S.A. did not take responsibility of stabilizing on three precise directions: maintaining an open market for goods without suppliants; supplying long-term credits; and reducing the crisis's size (Kindleberger, pp 292). Others consider that Great Depression was influenced by overinvestment and that the 1920's were not an inflationist decade (Friedman & Schwartz, pp 298).

The economic depression generated high unemployment rates, reaching 15% or 20%. In Western Europe, unemployment reached 15,000,000 in 1932. When the crisis was over, despite all measures meant to counteract unemployment, it was still reaching 30% in Germany and 22% in Great Britain. The employment crisis was a general trend all over Europe, but the impact was smaller in France and Italy compared to Great Britain and Germany.

The international trade collapsed and followed...

The lowest physical level of international trade was reached in 1932, when the crisis hit its top, while the lowest value of international trade was reached in 1934, in the depression phase that followed the crisis.
The contraction of global exchanges generated by the American depression has especially affected the Japanese, British, and German economies that depended on the external trade. Between 1929 and 1932, the world trade decreased up to 25%.

Once the crisis hit London, the main financial relay between the U.S.A. And the rest of the world, the crisis became global. In September 1931, the British government was forced to abandon the Gold Exchange Standard System. A vicious circle followed: general contraction of markets, reduced production, increased unemployment that generated a new demand decrease, and others.

The British economy handled the depression's shock better than the German one did, very rationalized and dynamic throughout the 1920's. The French economy that was less dependent on the international market of goods and capital, was hit later and less brutally, but for a longer period of time than other economies.

Less developed European countries, that were already vulnerable to any changes, were ruined by the collapse of primary products' prices. Given the existing gaps between European countries, the crisis manifested in different intervals and with different intensities.

The Great Economic Depression that hit Europe in 1930 inaugurated a long period of shutting spaces that lasted until 1945. All over Europe, economies were reduced to a national level, the world trade reached a sudden decrease, the crisis having irreversible consequences regarding economic policies.

Reference list:

1. Perry, K. Modern European History. Made Simple. London, 1976.

2. Heaton, Herbert. Economic History of Europe. Harper & Row, London, 1966.

3. Kennedy, Paul. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers. Economic Change and Military Conflict from…

Sources used in this document:
Reference list:

1. Perry, K. Modern European History. Made Simple. London, 1976.

2. Heaton, Herbert. Economic History of Europe. Harper & Row, London, 1966.

3. Kennedy, Paul. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers. Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000. London, 1989.

4. Kindleberger, C.P. The World Depression 1929-1939. University of California Press, 1973.
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Industrial Revolution in Britain With
Words: 1330 Length: 5 Document Type: Essay

Even before the team engine developed and the railroad infrastructure was created, Britain benefited from a large number of internal rivers that facilitated a proper transport infrastructure through the use of internal river channels. During a time when the road infrastructure was completely underdeveloped in all countries, the fact that so many river could be interconnected greatly increased communication between the various parts of Britain. Additionally, Britain also saw the

Industrial Revolution and Beyond It Is Difficult
Words: 4904 Length: 19 Document Type: Term Paper

Industrial Revolution and Beyond It is difficult for anyone now alive to appreciate the radical changes that the Industrial Revolution brought to humanity. We imagine that we know what it was like before this shift in economics, in culture, in society: We think of farmers tilling fields and of their children piling hay into stacks for winter forage, or of trappers setting their snares for the soft-pelted animals of the

"Dark Satanic Mills": Human Cost of the Industrial Revolution
Words: 1557 Length: 4 Document Type: Essay

Industrial Revolution It might be argued that the Industrial Revolution throughout Europe was not a revolution in the traditional sense, insofar as it involved no violence. Anyone making this argument, however, is unaware of the existence of the Luddites. Active in England in the early nineteenth century, at the height of the industrial revolution, Luddites were English textile workers who revolted against their replacement with industrial machinery and responded by destroying

Europeans and the Industrial Revolution
Words: 698 Length: 3 Document Type: Term Paper

Industrial Revolution - a curse to the Europeans The industrial revolution has changed the face of the earth and has completely transformed the lifestyle of people. The development in the society, brought by means of several new inventions, has brought number of benefits to a common man. The benefit and rewards of Industrial revolution were not limited to England or the United States, who are the pioneers of the Industrial revolution,

Scientific Revolution, Industrial Revolution, and
Words: 893 Length: 3 Document Type: Research Proposal

The new universe made room for God because the collective mind was opened to the notion of a divine entity controlling all aspects of the universe not just one corner of it. The Industrial Revolution can call Britain "home" (Craig 627) because at the time, Britain was the "single largest free-trade area in Europe" (627). Mechanical inventions spark the beginning of this revolution. In 1769, the spinning jenny was patented,

Imperialism and the Industrial Revolution
Words: 902 Length: 3 Document Type: Essay

1 Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution began in the 18th and 19th centuries and is responsible for the moving of nations away from farming to industry and manufacturing. The Industrial Revolution introduced trains, more advanced shipping, steel production, communications systems, cars, planes, and military equipment, and construction. The skyscraper came into existence, people moved to urban areas away from the countryside. Wars broke out as nations fought over natural resources like

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now