Verified Document

Executive Compensation The Average Compensations Research Paper

In order to compare the executive compensation in both countries, the countries firms should be matched and compared according to industry, size and operation. The executive compensation can be measured or compared accurately according to the industry and firms sizes. From the data, it was found that the executive compensation in both countries were high whereas the firm performance was reducing. The data collection for the executive compensation in both countries provides the detail information on the executive salary. Executive compensation can be divided into four main categories such as salary, bonus, benefits and long-term incentive plans. These benefits include the incentives like medical, life insurance, pension allowances plan and many other incentives. Bonuses and benefits are the short-term compensation and these are the part of the salary packages. The components of long-term incentive plans are the stocks and shares. The long-term incentive plans or the stock base compensation is the largest part of united state executive. This incentives plan is same for Canada. The Canadian firms contain over 90% stocks options and this percentage is increasing every year (Sapp, Southam). There are many other factors which influence on the compensation comparison of two countries like U.S. And Canada. These factors are the differences in tax laws, regulatory and monitoring system of stock option and the cultural differences. These differences can be neglected because it highlights the comparison of the United State and Canada due to the fact that taxation and monitoring system are almost the same. The Americans tolerate the inequality more then Canadian because Americans focus on the benefits, efforts and talent. The Americans firm rewards the talented personnel by providing the share base compensation. It can be concluded that the executives compensation difference in both countries are not much high. Another interesting way to approach the two countries compensation comparisons is to compare the pay-performance sensitivity. The pay-performance relationship depends on the economic regulations and it affects on the firms performance. The higher executive compensation raised the public concerns and inequality issues. Therefore due to public concerns, U.S. did not disclose the executive compensation to the public. As it has been stated earlier that U.S. executive compensation base on share or stock option. This resulted in the higher and attractive long-term executive income as compare to other countries in the world. The aim of this stock option is to encourage the executives financially and maximize the share holder profit. The Canadians have implemented the same practice in past and they disclosed the executive compensation to the public also. Studies have shown that the pay-performance relationship is positive for the Canadian firms. There is a commission for the executive compensation in Canada which was obtained from firm's proxy statements. It was required to disclose the payments to executive officers. These data were obtained from the samples of 365 Canadian firms and observed 1183 cases. Similarly the financial data for the executive compensation was obtained from annual report. They took compensation samples from the 675 U.S. firms and total observations made were 2159 (Zhou, 282).

How executive compensation changed in last 25 years

The most effective researches were made after the 1992 because the data of executive pay are easily available executive compensation data base. This data base reports the compensation of firm's highest paid officers. The executive compensation value reduces from about $0.9 millions to $0.75 million from 1950 to 1975. It followed every year in last 25 years averaging reduction were 0.8% per year (Frydman, Saks). This compensation level started to increase in mid 70s at higher rates. Compensations were consisted of salaries and bonuses in last 20 years. As it has been described...

The long-term or stock base compensation was not the common practice at that time but some companies started to compensate the executive on the stock options. The long-term compensation increased rapidly and in 2005 it reached to 35 percents of the total pay.
The tax policies had a significant impact on the executive pay. The tax reforms were the significant approach for the restriction in compensation based on stock option. The tax reform policies implemented the tax system on the capital gain instead of executive income. The stock option or shared-based compensation increased at high rates. For example in 1950 the executive compensation increased 15% but by the 1990 it increased 82% high (Frydman, Saks). It is also important to consider the firm size in order to collect the data because the prior researched did not focus on size of the firm. The data collection and requirement of available data is mandatory and prior researched did not include information of the compensation based on shares. Recent or latest data collection and reliable information on the stock-based compensation estimate the accurate and consistent relation of management wealth and firm performance for a longer period of time. Nowadays option or share-based compensation are the essential part of the compensation packages and executive earns more income from stock option. It can be concluded that the long-term incentives should not be increased and similarly the stock or share base compensation should be reduced. There is a need of uniform and clear pay practice for the executives across the market segment. Recent studies showed that use of stock base compensation practice is declining but data showed that the executive compensation value is increasing continuously which depends on share and market segments.

Conclusion

This report has addressed the issues which arise due to the high executive compensation. The impacts on society, economy, and country have also been discussed. The above paragraphed also showed the difference between the stock based and the cash compensation. The United State follows the stock option for the executive compensation. This option base or share base compensation process result in the excessive executive compensation. In the end, it can be concluded the executive excessive compensation should be reformed and monitored by implementing the efficient procedures.

Works Cited

Frydman, Carola and Saks.E.Raven. " Executive Compensation: A New View for Long

Term Perspetive," 6 July 2007. Web. 23 June 2012.

Jiang, Weiwei. "Ownership Structure and Executive Compensation in Canadian

Corporations," University of Saskatchwan, Canada, April 2011. Web. 21 June 2012.

Lazonick, William. "Why Executive Pay Matter to Innovation and Inequality,"

University of Massachusetts Lowell, 4 May 2010. Web. 22 june 2012.

Mackenzie, Hugh. "Recession Proof-Canada's 100 Best Paid CEOs." Canada Center for Policy Alternatives. Growing gap.ca, Jan 2011. Web. 20 June 2012.

Sharma, Basu, and Smith, E.Anthony. "Firms Performance and Executive Compensation

in Australia and Canada," University of New Brunswick, Canada, n.p. Web. 22 June

2012.

Sapp, Stephan and Southam, Colette. "A Canada-U.S.A Comparison of CEO

Compensation," University of Western Ontario, Canada, 25 July 2003. Web. 22 June

2012.

Whelton, Russel S. "Effects of Excessive CEO pay on U.S. Society," College of Business

and Management, n.p, Web. 23 June 2012.

Zhou, Xianming. "Executive Compensation and Managerial Incentives," Journal of Corporate Finance, University of Sydeney, 2006. Web.22 June 2012.

"Effect of the Economy on Executive compensation programs,"…

Sources used in this document:
Works Cited

Frydman, Carola and Saks.E.Raven. " Executive Compensation: A New View for Long

Term Perspetive," 6 July 2007. Web. 23 June 2012.

Jiang, Weiwei. "Ownership Structure and Executive Compensation in Canadian

Corporations," University of Saskatchwan, Canada, April 2011. Web. 21 June 2012.
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Executive Compensation Has Attracted Serious
Words: 1412 Length: 5 Document Type: Term Paper

Those days are likely over, for a variety of reasons, including shareholder concerns about the ever increasing dilution due to the issuance of options and new accounting rules requiring companies to expense options... In addition, studies have shown that the accounting cost of stock options exceeds employees' perceived value of those options. Finally, there has been a crisis in governance that has caused a reexamination of corporate accounting standards.

Executive Compensation Programs
Words: 1929 Length: 6 Document Type: Term Paper

Executive Compensation Programs and Incentives In 1996 the average salary plus bonus for CEOs was $2.3 million. After other benefits were added, this sum rose to $5,781,300. Beginning with Revlon executive Michael Bergerac who broke the $1 million mark in 1974, executive pay and bonus plans have soared to mind-boggling proportions. Although various governmental agencies have set limits on tax-deductible executive compensation, these efforts not only failed but served to raise

Executive Compensation Re: Executive Compensation
Words: 1896 Length: 6 Document Type: Thesis

This talent does need to be retained. With respect to the executives who were involved in mortgage-backed securities, however, this argument holds little water. These are not talented individuals, as demonstrated by the substantial losses their actions have inflicted upon the company. They are not the sort of employees that the firm should be seeking to retain. It is only due to the outdated or erroneous perception that these individuals

Executive Compensation
Words: 918 Length: 3 Document Type: Term Paper

Executive Compensation The role of compensation in organizational behavior is an important one as it is used as a key tool by management to achieve social control over its employees (Pfeffer, 1997, p.102), the primary assumption being that compensation packages affect attitudes and behavior. This is seen as particularly true of executive level compensation on the grounds that management must be sufficiently motivated if organizational objectives are to be met and

Executive Compensation and Moral Hazard
Words: 2350 Length: 8 Document Type: Term Paper

The Perils of Executive CompensationIntroductionExecutive compensation acts as an incentive for CEOs to enhance an organization�s performance and is common practice across industries. Michael Eisner was famously rewarded handsomely via executive compensation for his stewardship of Disney in the 1990s (Downes et al., 2007). Elon Musk has even more famously accrued substantial personal wealth via executive compensation for meeting targets related to Tesla�s share price (Jones, 2021). While executive compensation

Types of Executive Compensation
Words: 966 Length: 3 Document Type: Term Paper

Executive Compensation Sometimes it seems that the salaries executives make at big corporations are entirely out of proportion with the value added to the firm by their being on the payroll. It makes sense that if someone, anyone, makes a certain wage, then they should be making at least that much money for the company. If someone is pumping gas for $7/hr, then he should be pumping at least $7

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now