Evolution of Criminal Justice Policy: The evolution of the criminal justice system can be traced to as early as 1969 when the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice presented a report on the growing challenge of crime in the society. In addition to providing a detailed approach on the prevention and fight against crime, the report also provided means of improving the collaboration among policing, courts, and corrections. This is because of the significance of these three parts in the criminal justice system and their ultimate impact on the implementation of the criminal justice policy.

Policing:

As the first contact between a criminal and the criminal justice system, policing or law enforcement has evolved in three distinct areas i.e. politically, progressively and through reforms. Both the political era and progressive period of the evolution of policing was during the pre-colonial period with the political era emanating from relationship between police and politics....

However, the development of this area of criminal justice has been characterized by reforms in the past 50 years, which have resulted in an emphasis on community problem solving. Unlike the political where police were the law, the reform era has resulted in the use of the rule of law by police as the authority for their actions (Hartmann, 1988).
Courts:

This area of the criminal justice system acts as the venue where all disputes are settled and justice is administered. As a major part in the criminal justice system, courts have also continued to develop over the last 50 years resulting in the evolution of the criminal justice policy. The courts have now developed to include a trial process that sometimes involves the use of forensic evidence from investigations to determine guilt or innocence. One of the most critical aspects that have characterized the evolution of courts in the past 50 years is the need to administer justice. This is mainly because of the various incidents of manipulation…