After World War I, the Soviets evolved their own labor relations model, in which the employees were motivated and encouraged by the unions to work hard for increasing the production activities, the union introduced and promoted industrial discipline which was responsible for the unprecedented rise in the production activities. The unions played a crucial role and responsibility of the 'transmission belt' as per the guide lines of the Communist Party, the purpose of the exercise was to ensure 'a loyal and willing following' (Richard, 1991). After the formation of Yugoslavia at the end of World War II, another theoretical model of labor relations evolved which was based on the concept of self-management. As per the model, the 'unions function much less as a transmission belt for the party than in the Soviet model' (Richard, 1991). The model made the union experience severe stress, although the production activities were on rise, however the government emerged as a more autonomous body. It was believed that, model was based on the principle according to which the labor relations were influenced and controlled by the party, in this case there was enough opportunity for the union and the employees, for example, the party and the union enjoyed the authority of the works councils at enterprise level due to such combination (Suzuki, 1996).
American Model: Labor Relations
In United States deregulation was responsible for the phenomenal changes in the labor relations, before the implementation of the deregulation, the labor enjoyed 'heavily unionized industry' (Bert,...
Thus, in this country the government has procured labor relations so that it "should not attempt to interfere with market forces by fixing the terms of employment…" (Aaron, 1982, p. 1254). It attempt to keep a free market, in which individuals can capitalize off of the labor for others without suitably compensating them, or providing the aforementioned benefits that Europe does for its workers, encourages the continual prosperity of the
The modern working environment has been characterized by numerous changes including demographic changes and increased diversity of the workforce. These changes are attributable to various factors including rapid technological advancements and globalization. In light of these changes, different countries have adopted different labor relations processes depending on the characteristics of the workforce. This paper examines labor relations processes in several European Union (EU) countries and the United States. The similarities
Labor unions are associations of workers for the purpose of improving the economic status and working conditions of the employees through collective bargaining with employers (Union pp). The two general types of unions are the horizontal, or craft, union, which is composed of members who are skilled in a particular craft, such as the International Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, and the vertical, or industrial, union, which includes
As a result, financial planners need to advise clients who receive these payments and make large cash investments to do so as soon as possible. The study concluded that dollar-cost averaging would be unlikely to topple the superior results of lump-sum investing at this time (Williams and Bacon). Profit-sharing allows employees to earn bonuses according to company performance (GoSmallBiz 2008). A certain percentage is set aside by the firm and
S. have two different approaches. While the EU represents the "soft power" the United States is the proponent of the "hard power" (Kagan, 2003). However, it is considered that the issue of soft power is representative for the way in which states would later on develop their foreign policy and their strategic coordinates. However, in the case of Iraq and Iran it can be said that the current hard power
Labor Markets and Their Many Aspects The negative aspects of a loosely-regulated labor market: The dangers of under-regulation The labor laws of the state of Pennsylvania are still highly influenced by the unionization movement that began in the steel mills of the state. It is said that "no state in America has a richer labor history than Pennsylvania" (Pennsylvania labor history, 2011, IAP). The AFL and CIO were founded in the state. "The
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