Ernest Shackleton: Epic Voyage of Endurance
Ernest Shackleton was an Antarctic explorer at the end of the period of mass exploration that occurred at the conclusion of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. He was considered a restless man, which was evidenced by the fact that he left school early in order to go to sea as an apprentice on a sailing vessel, an option that his family, which was middle-class, could afford. He achieved the status of Master Mariner in the Merchant Navy. Shackleton's middle-class background was an important part of his life; unlike many explorers of his time, Shackleton was not independently wealthy, and he spent much of the time that he was not exploring trying to create the wealth that exploring required. However, he was not a successful businessman, and never achieved the wealth he sought. Shackleton's personality may have contributed to his lack of success as a businessman. He seemed to enjoy living in the public eye, making the round of lecture circuits, which was also a significant source of income for him. However, Shackleton may have been plagued by health problems, being sent home from his first expedition because of illness and encountering significant health problems when establishing the record farthest south latitude.
While Shackleton was oftentimes described as egotistical, he seemed to have a unique approach to his crew and believed that personality was critical to the composition of a good crew. Many considered...
Ego psychology is rooted in Sigmunds Freud's breakthrough concepts of his time relating to the id, ego, and superego. Ego psychology has evolved since his time and relies heavily on psychoanalysis. Freud originally conceptualized three regions of the mind. The id, which represents what is completely unconscious to us and serves as a pleasure center that seeks immediate gratification. The ego, which is a secondary process, that tries to reconcile
Ego Psychology Theorists of Ego Psychology: Ego psychology comes under the neo-analytic theory. Neo-analytic theory recasts and broadens psychoanalytic theory by underplaying sexuality, and by underplaying the significance of the unconscious. Instead it highlights the role of the ego. There are some neo-analytic theorists who concentrate on the process of the ego, while some concentrate on how the ego relates with and is influenced by other individuals or society or culture. Freud
The ego does not have any concept of right or wrong but it understands that an action is good when it achieves the desired end of satisfying the need without harming the id or itself. The superego The superego is the last component of personality to develop in a person. Sigmund Freud argues that the superego begins to appear in a person at the age of five years during the phallic
The ego also understands that submitting to the id can lead to self-destructive behavior. The ego is also subject to "defense mechanisms" that will help it mediate between the id and the super-ego. One defense mechanism present in Bundy's behavior is displacement. Displacement occurs when one directs threatening impulses on a less threatening target. Reports indicate that Bundy directed his attacks on middle-class, white females, between the ages of
Loevinger's Stages Of Ego Development Jane Loevinger's Stages of Ego Development Jane Loevinger's theory about the stages of ego development builds upon Harry Stack Sullivan's earlier theory of ego development stages such as Impulsive, Conformist, Conscientious, and Autonomous. Loevinger's theory is a more complex one, describing how ego organizes and directs the activities of the person as subject. Each development stage, in Loevinger's theory, is characterized by a psychic structure that defines
Then I realized that I have done the same thing to other people, and I just project my faults onto them. I used to strongly dislike one kid in class because he was really shy and never spoke up, even though he was smart. I used to get frustrated with him and wanted to tell him to be more assertive. Then when I reflected on this kid one day,
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