Epidemiology of Elderly Driving Safety
Annotated Bibliography
Ball, K., Edwards, JD, Ross, LA, and McGwin, G. (2010) Cognitive Training Decreases Motor Vehicle Collision Involvement of Older Drivers. The American Geriatrics Society. Journal Compilation. 58:2107-2113.
The work of Ball, Edwards, Ross and McGwin (2010) reports a randomized, controlled, multisite, single-blind clinical trial in a community of seniors in four cities in the United States including Birmingham, Alabama; Baltimore, Maryland, Indianapolis, Indiana, and State College, Pennsylvania. The mean age of drivers in the study was 73.1 years of age with 18.6% of the drivers being African-American. The intervention reported in this study was that of cognitive training for memory, reasoning and speed of processing. Measures used were stated-recorded MVC involvement up to six years following study enrollment. The results reported by the study include that the interventions employed resulted in a 50% decrease (per person-mile) of "at-fault MVCs than the control group." (p.2107) This study concludes that cognitive speed-of-processing and reasoning training were effective in lower at-fault motor vehicle collision rates among older drivers. This study demonstrates the value of cognitive training in older drivers to lower the rates of motor vehicle collisions in this age group.
II. Bauza, G. (2008) High Mortality in Elderly Drivers is Associated with Distinct Injury Patterns: Analysis of 187,869 Injured Drivers. Journal of Trauma. 2008.
The work of Bauza (2008) reports that while there has been a significant increase in the use of seatbelts in the United States stated at 85%, there have been in excess of 6 million motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) stated for 2004 resulting in approximately 40,000 deaths otherwise stated equally "one death every 12 minutes." (p. 304) Bauza reports that fatality rates while declining after the age of 25 "jump to 18.0 per 100,000 in those 65 or older and account for 14% of all traffic fatalities, despite the fact that elderly drivers are likely to be spending the least amount of time...
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