Fatty Acids Colorectal Cancer
Fatty Acids and Colorectal Cancer
The article titled "Dietary Fatty Acids and Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study" describes a seven-year study of close to 3000 subjects studying the relationship between fatty acids and colorectal cancer. As the study involved the analysis of data collected on colorectal patients over a seven-year period, and thus started with the outcome of colorectal cancer and traced backwards to discover a relationship between exposure to fatty acids and this outcome, it was by definition a "Case-Control" study (the title of the article also presents the study as a case-control one). The researchers began with about 1500 colorectal patients and 1500 control subjects and administered weekly questionnaires, called "semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire" involving 150 food items and the frequency the participants ate them. (Theodoratou, 2007, p.182)
This type of study is particularly useful in studying the outbreak and spread of diseases in relation to those who have not been affected. In short, it compares two groups, one with the disease and one without, and attempts to discover the difference between the two. This difference may be the determining factor involved in the cause of the disease. In the case of this article, the researchers sought to determine the affect of fatty acids on the rates of colorectal cancer by studying people who had the disease and those who did not and determining if the presence of fatty acids were higher in the diets of those with cancer than those without. However, one major flaw in this design is the fact that it requires subjects to fill out weekly questionnaires earnestly and honestly, without leaving out anything that may be questionable or embarrassing. In fact, on many occasions the researchers were forced to return questionnaires to participants because there were "forms with more than a maximum acceptable number of blank entries…" (Theodoratou, 2007, p.183)
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