Electronic Health Records
Since the introduction of electronic health records, the U.S. government, information systems developers and associations of healthcare providers have worked toward establishing a uniform, integrated system of electronic health records. This collaboration is designed to significantly enhance patient safety and treatment, as well as effectively assist in the management of public health issues such as disease. While some health practitioners report difficulties in dealing with electronic health records, it appears that continued efforts and refinements are gradually solving problems of computerization and are improving healthcare.
Characteristics and Components of Efficient EHR
In 2003, the Institute of Medicine released a report called Key capabilities of an electronic health record system. In this consensus report, the Institute stated that an electronic health records system should consist of:
"a longitudinal collection of electronic health information for and about persons;
2. [immediate] electronic access to person- and population-level information by authorized users;
3. Provision of knowledge and decision-support systems [that enhance the quality, safety, and efficiency of patient care] and support for efficient processes for health care delivery" (Institute of Medicine, 2003, p. 4).
Flowing from these basic ideas, the Institute identified 8 "core care delivery functions" (Institute of Medicine, 2003, p. 7), later adopted within the 2004 National Research Council's Patient safety: Achieving a new standard for care (National Research Council, 2004). Addressing many health-related issues, including electronic health records, the Council addressed the issues of: continuity of a patient's care among multiple providers; effective communication between the patient and his/her healthcare providers, and among multiple providers; coordination of care due to multiple healthcare professionals' comprehensive and easy access to the patient's history and current treatment(s); accountability among healthcare professionals for accurate data collection, entry of data into the electronic systems and compliance with reporting requirements; basic categories of vital information that should be included in the electronic records system.
The 8 core functions are:
1. Health Information and Data: In order to make well-grounded treatment...
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