Education
Both Woodson (1933) and Howard (2001) agree that the education system in the United States is inherently biased, and that it does not serve the needs or interests of the African-American community. Blacks are systematically excluded from history and the construction of pedagogy in schools. Furthermore, Woodson (1933) points out that there have been few opportunities for African-Americans to join established professions. The message has been that blacks do not succeed in the professions. There are also few opportunities to apply knowledge to the empowerment of African-American communities, making an education in a white system of little practical value. The entire education system and its structural foundations must change. Woodson argued for a total transformation of education in 1933; Howard argues the same at the start of a new millennium.
"Negroes who have been so long inconvenienced and denied opportunities for development are naturally afraid of anything that sounds like discrimination," (Woodson, 1933). However, education in the white system teaches blacks to despise themselves. The system itself is poisoned. There are few, if any, black scholars teaching issues that empower the African-American community. When African-Americans graduate from white establishments, they lack the tools or even the interest to apply their education to the empowerment of the black communities. This is partly because the system teaches that the white culture...
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