This shows a two spot advance for Peru in this category. Stated to be the difficulties employers face in hiring and firing workers are stated to be those shown in the following table. The index value assigned is between 0 and 100 with higher values in representation of regulations that are more rigid. The 'Rigidity of Employment Index' shown is the average of the three indices.
Rigidity of Employment Index
Indicator
Peru
Region
OECD
Difficulty of Hiring Index
Rigidity of Hours Index
Difficulty of Firing Index
Rigidity of Employment Index
Firing costs (weeks of salary)
Source: The World Bank (2009)
Peru is stated to be ranked 41 among other countries in regards to ease of registration of property for 2009 however; Peru was ranked 36 among other countries in 2008 for ease of registration of property. The ease afforded a business in securing property rights is stated to include the following procedures, or number of steps as well as the time involved and associated costs required for property registration.
Ease or Difficulty in Registering Property
Indicator
Peru
Region
OECD
Procedures (number)
Duration (days)
Cost (% of property value)
Source: The World Bank (2009)
Peru was rated 12th among other countries in getting credit for 2009 and in 2008 Peru was ranked 13th among other countries. The measures on credit information sharing and borrowers and lenders rights are stated in the following table. Ranges of the Legal Rights Index are 0 to 10 and higher scores indicate that the laws are specifically designed for expansion to accessing credit. The Credit Information index is a measure of the "scope, access, and quality of credit information available through public registries or private bureaus. The Range of the Credit Information index is 0-6 with higher values indicating that additional credit information can be obtained from a public registry or private bureau.
Ease or Difficulty of Accessing Business Credit
Indicator
Peru
Region
OECD
Legal Rights Index
Credit Information Index
Public registry coverage (% adults)
Private bureau coverage (% adults)
Source: The World Bank (2009)
Protection of Investors ranking for DB09 shows Peru ranking 18th for protecting investors which is a lower ranking that the previously assigned ranking of 15. The following table lists the indicators of:
1) Disclosure;
2) Director liability;
3) Shareholder suits; and 4) Investor protection. (the World Bank, 2009)
The indexes range between 0 and 10 with higher values providing an indication of higher levels of disclosure, higher level of liability of directors, and higher levels of powers of shareholders in challenging the transaction as well as higher levels of investor protection.
Indicator
Peru
Region
OECD
Disclosure Index
Director Liability Index
Shareholder Suits Index
Investor Protection Index
Source: The World Bank (2009)
The ranking of Peru in regards to business taxes being paid is stated at 85 in DB09 falling from the previous 81 in DB08 ranking. The table below labeled Figure 11 in this study illustrates the tax paid or withheld by a company that is mid-sized in a year's time in addition to the burden of administration taxes. Measures shown include the number of payments that must be made, the time in hours spent in preparation of the taxes, filing the taxes and finally, paying the taxes as well as the profit percentages that must be paid in taxes.
Indicator
Peru
Region
OECD
Payments (number)
Time (hours)
Profit tax (%)
Labor tax and contributions (%)
Other taxes (%)
Total tax rate (% profit)
Source: The World Bank (2009)
Peru ranked 93 in DB09 ranking for ease of trading across borders which is down from the ranking of 75 in the DB08 ranking in this category. The following table labeled Figure 12 in this study illustrates the 'costs and procedures involved in the importation and exportation of a standardized shipment of goods. Each official procedure is stated from the contract agreed upon between the two parties to the ultimate delivery of the goods.
Indicator
Peru
Region
For the first time in many years, nations like Japan can no longer guarantee employment for their large population and they must consider a new welfare option. These are all economic situations that are new and indicate that population has an adverse affect on the world economic policies. Conclusion This report aimed to discuss some of the relationships between population growth and economic development. Economic growth will continue to be an
In addition Peru is second largest producer of zinc, third in copper and tin, fourth in lead, and sixth in gold ("Peru"). Additionally Peru's export revenue is dominated by mineral exports at nearly 63% in 2008("Peru"). According to an article found in the Wall Street Journal, Low metal prices will have a negative impact on Peru's economy well into 2009. The article explains that the Lima Stock Exchange which is
For the period of the late 1960s and early 1970s, West Germany strived to assist the dollar. The United States and many other nations pushed West Germany to reassess so as to make up for the dollar excess. (Germany in the World Economy) At last, after escalating waves of conjectures, the Bretton Woods system had a collapse in August 1971. All through the post-Bretton Woods period, the deutsche mark stayed
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Due to the cases of swine flu in California, the Chinese government issues policies that do not allow the import of any products that have come into contact with California (Workman, 2009). This means that the cargo must be transported to other regions, further increasing operational costs and reducing the efficiency of American organizations exporting to China. Another characteristic of the international trade policies implemented by the Chinese government refers
Shining Path-Terrorist Group in Peru In Peru, there are two main rebel groups operating in Peru: the Maoist Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) and the Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (Movimiento Revolucionario Tupac Amaru). Both groups are leftist organizations (Stern, 1998). This paper will discuss the Shining Path, including the history of the group and its focus. The Shining Path terrorist group launched a series of attacks in Peru, terrorizing the country for decades
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