The quake intensity as per the Mercalli scale that was used at that time was between 8 and 9, which seismologists today equate to a value of 7.9 on the Richter scale. [Dr. Frank J. Collazo] the quake created a rupture of 296 miles, which rates it as one of the biggest quakes ever. Geologist John M. Clarke said, " the heavy waves travelled at the rate of about 11,000 ft a second and the lighter preliminary and subsequent waves much more rapidly, at about 40,000 feet a second." [New York Times]
With San Francisco as its epicentre, the quake took a toll of 3000 human lives and absolutely wrecked the city destroying most structures while what was left was consumed by the conflagration that ensued. The predominantly wooden structures of San Francisco was the reason for such a rapid spread of fire. [New York Times] in an attempt to stop the spreading fire firelighters were forced to destroy buildings on its path by dynamiting. Water shortage made things worse for the fire fighters who tried their best to douse off the fury of the flames. The quake triggered a new interest in the study of earthquakes, particularly in the study of the San Andreas fault line and contributed immensely to the scientific research on earthquakes. Mr. Henry Fielding Reid, a Geology professor at the Johns Hopkins University and one of the researchers involved in the study of the 1906 quake, proposed the 'elastic rebound theory' which even today constitutes the base of our understanding of earthquakes. [USGS]
New Brunswick (1982)
Compared to the two previously discussed earthquakes, the 1982 New Brunswick quake can be termed to be of moderate intensity with a Richter scale reading of 5.9. The quake, which jolted the New Brunswick region with Woodstock as its epicentre, started at 7:52 A.M and lasted for 30 seconds. Reports indicate no human casualty or severe injuries. A mild aftershock followed three hours after the main quake and was measured at an intensity of 4.9 on the Richter scale. [the Associated Press]
Imminent warning for major earthquakes would be critical...
Earthquakes Occur Rapidly Warning Describe impediments to disaster prevention in major cities. The 2nd half within the Twentieth century observed the fast development of extremely big cities. There happen to be primate urban centers along with metropolises for hundreds of years. Nevertheless, these kinds of brand-new city regions-"mega cities" having greater than ten million occupants-have been fairly current. This mega city presents unique problems for catastrophe risk decrease for numerous factors. Initially,
Earthquake Mitigation in Emergency Management Earthquake Risks and Hazards Earthquake Risk Mitigation Mandatory-structural Mitigation Nonstructural Mitigation This paper aims at analyzing the risk and hazards associated with earthquakes. In addition to that, it will also put light on the earthquake risk mitigation strategies that are used by various organizations. Apart from that, the paper will also propose strategies that would further enhance the earthquake mitigation practices of public and private institutions. Earthquake mitigation in Emergency Management An
1906: It is unknown how much damage was done to the environment because of landslides. Tsunami: a very large ocean wave caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption 1868: No tsunami reported 1906: No tsunami reported Potential hazards of San Jose, CA: The greatest potential hazard to the area of San Jose, California in the present moment is the possibility of shaking damage, rupture damage, and landslide. Earthquake proofing has done some to protect
It is, however, true that the total nuclear power process creates much less carbon dioxide than fossil fuel plants. Once in existence, it is estimated that the total fuel cycle emissions of nuclear power plants will be 8.6 tons per gigawatt hour, whereas the figure is a massive 1.058 tons for coal plants. Be that as it may, the total nuclear power process does create a great deal less carbon dioxide
earthquakes, fires, and mudslides. The community selected for this activity is San Diego, California, and area regularly experiencing natural disasters of often high magnitude. This module will be a Hazard analysis of each disaster. Fires: Brush fires are by far the greatest threat to San Diego and its surrounding communities. San Diego's brush fires have a consistently catastrophic magnitude, burning everything in their paths. This disaster has a frequency of
IntroductionThe natural disaster selected for this discussion happens to be earthquake. Like many other disasters, earthquakes happen to be not only destruction to property, but also detrimental to the health and wellbeing of those who live in affected areas. Routinely, they also result in multiple fatalities. In the subsequent sections of this text, various natural disaster and emergency management concepts will be addressed from the perspective of earthquakes.Discussion1. Fundamental PrinciplesFrom
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