Drugs and Alcohol Effects on College / Campuses
Current Literature On Drugs And Alcohol On College Campuses
Drugs and Alcohol Effects on College Campuses
The number of college students using the drug and alcohol in the United States of America has been on the increase. Binge drinking is the way most students in these colleges take alcohol. College students are a visible group where alcohol and drug abuse have become a common place. Effects of alcohol on college students cause social, legal, and academic problems. Students, on the other hand, engage in risky sex behaviors and other physical activities that might even result to death. Studies indicate that approximately four out of five college students in the United States abuse alcohol. About 1700 college students aged an estimate between 18-24-year die unintentionally because of alcohol and drug abuse. Most of these deaths are a result of motor vehicle accidents or injuries from assault (O'Malley & Johnston, 2002).
Alcohol and drug abuse in colleges is associated with rape. About 97000 students in United States experience rape episodes in colleges. Victims of rape in colleges are mostly associated with alcohol, drug abuse and in other cases date rape. A majority of college students report experiencing blackouts, an induced alcohol memory loss. Excessive drinking in U.S. colleges and Universities are rampant. Preventing alcohol and drug abuse is an important task of college administrators since its negative consequences is destructive (O'Malley & Johnston, 2002). College and Universities administrators need to provide information about their policies on alcohol and drug abuse. This information is often in institution's websites.
Influence of Alcohol and Drugs on Rape
Consumption of alcohol has effects on aggression and sexual behavior of individuals. Sexual aggression includes non-stranger sexual assault referred to as date rape. In this form of rape assault, the victim is likely to know the perpetrator of the deed. This form of rape had serious consequences on campuses for the last decades. College men are more likely to assault their female counterparts as research shows. A research in 1985, by Mary Koss a professor at Kent State University on 3187 nationally conclude that 15.4% women had been victims of rape, and in that 12.1% of had been victims of attempted rape. Another research in the year 1997 approximately on 4446 women show that 1.7% women experienced rape and 1.1% of them experienced attempted rape cases. However, this did not account for variations of semesters (Mohler-Kuo, Dowdall, Koss, & Wechsler, 2004). Further, the research points out that first year students, prior, and white students are more vulnerable to sexual assault.
White women are more likely to experience rape, and intoxication on alcohol and rape. Majority of the victims recognize their assailants. Black women in the United States of America are more likely to report rape cases from strangers, and teenage girls in these states feel that stranger rape is a serious form of rape. Alcohol intoxication and drug abuse impairs judgment and influences behavior. Alcohol and drugs influence personal judgments. These drugs diminish a person's ability to resist sexual advances and promote aggressive behavior. Studies show that a consistent use of alcohol may promote non-sexual and sexual violence. The norms of American college students are to drink heavily and engage in casual sexual activities. Approximately 50% of sexual assaults in America are associated to alcohol use, and 55% of victims and 74% of perpetrators are a representative of college students. In addition, a 9% of offenders and victims approximately are under the age of 21 years.
Variation of Rape
A special report by Blade criticized "Koss" study that 55% of rape victims had been intoxicated. According to blade, Koss ignored a statute by the Ohio state that excluded those situations where a person plies a partner with drugs and drinks with the hope of lowering inhibition. There are various forms of rape associated with drugs and alcohol. These are acquaintance rape, date rape, and Gang rape. Acquaintance rape represents the most common form of sex. Victims of this form of rape range from 18 to 29 years of age. Victims and perpetrators in many instances know one another while 40% of those individuals represent casual relationships (Mohler-Kuo, Dowdall, Koss & Wechsler, 2004). This form of rape includes date rape, gang, and party rape. Sexual assault...
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