The technological capabilities of digital television are enormous, and the future of digital television can be seen as being on par with web pages and compact disc technology, all through the television. The broadcasting standard, however, can be traced back to the time when analogous television was first introduced as a viable medium in the time of World War II. It was in 1940 that the NTSC - National Television Systems Committee decided to set certain standards for the broadcast of television signals. (Digital Television: Has the Revolution Stalled?)
The technology that was decided upon at that time still remains in the U.S.A. today, as for example in the 525-line low-resolution channel on which the Evening News is telecast everyday. However, even though this fact demonstrates that the U.S.A. was indeed a trendsetter, it is a sad fact that the U.S.A. is still entrenched in the same standards and is finding it difficult to adapt and change over to the newer technologies of today, and it was not until the 1980's that the need for change was realized, and the study of the digital television system, Advanced Television Technology or ATV as it was known at the time was undertaken. When numerous high definition television systems were tested, among them both analogous and digital, it was found that three was actually a surfeit of broadcasting signals, and if the new high definition pictures were to be viewed, then the entire system would have to be digital, because of the simple fact that the analogue system would need more bandwidth than was available.
In the year 1988, the FCC adapted a Tentative Decision and Further Notice of Enquiry about advanced television, and this policy was a herald of the future decision regarding digital television that it would take in the next few years. The general idea was to change all the viewers of analogue television into viewers of digital television, and to this effect it was decided that the existing broadcasters would be given an extra 6 MHz spectrum band so that digital broadcasters could transmit on these bands and analogous signals would be gradually discontinued from usage, when customers stopped watching analogous TV and moved onto digital TV. In 1997, a timeline was announced, by which all television broadcasters would have to start broadcasting digital television, and this rule was made to coincide with the sale of high definition television sets. (Digital Television: Has the Revolution Stalled?)
The Cable Act of 1992 specifies the provision that says 'must carry' and this provision may be applied to digital television too. The must carry rule specifies that digital operators must carry a one third capacity of digital television signals in addition to analogous television signals, and the high definition television broadcasters must also follow the 'system upgrade' option during the transition phase from analogous to digital. In addition, the 'phase-in' policy states that broadcasters must carry digital signals gradually and increase it every year, and they must also choose from the 'either/or' choice that states that a choice must be made whether they would broadcast analogous or digital signals in the transition phase. (Digital Television: Has the Revolution Stalled?)
The 'conditional access' technology that is a must for the era of digital television is what is generally known as 'Anti Piracy Encryption'. While it is true that the anti-piracy technology is sufficiently developed to handle misuse, the fact that the general market conditions will keep changing over the years as the broadcasters would be required to cope with the demand for better and more services as well as technological innovations. The conditional access policy is helpful in preventing piracy in the area of 'pay TV', where there is much scope for piracy. The only way in which to fight this illegal piracy is by strengthening encryption and authentication technologies so that the thief cannot copy 'subscriber smart cards' and thereby succeed in stealing the revenues of broadcasters. Unless strict measures are taken, the digital television broadcasters would suffer needless losses whereby illegal persons who have no authority to broadcast would be able to access broadcast programming. The conditional access system would not only protect those broadcasters whose livelihood depended on pay TV, but would also...
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