Psychopharmacological Approaches to Treat Psychopathology
The first question is, how many meals do you have in a day and have lost your appetite? Considering that her BMI indicates she is underweight, we need to establish if she is getting enough food and nutrients for her body. The second question will be, how is your current sleep pattern? The question tries to uncover the patients sleep and wake schedule, bedtime routine, and daily functioning. Obtaining the patients sleep routine helps determine the diagnosis and identify the best treatment plan. The third question is, do you consume caffeine? If so, how many cups do you take in a day? Caffeine is a stimulant that has a negative effect on sleep at night. The lack of sleep can be due to caffeine if the patient consumes coffee before bedtime.
We can get further information from children and caregivers familiar with the patient. The question to ask the children will be if they have noticed any changes in their mothers energy, mood, appetite, or interests. The question offers information on what others have seen and if it is similar to what has been reported by the patient. Another question to ask the children is how their mother has been coping with the loss of their father. Dealing with a loss of a loved one can be devastating, and we should understand the support system she has at home. Caregivers can offer insights into the patients functioning in daily activities, especially after the loss of her husband.
The test to administer to the patient would aid in determining her anxiety and depression. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) assesses the severity of the patients anxiety, assisting in determining the cause of insomnia for the patient (Zimmerman et al.,...
…depressive mood once she starts getting a good nights sleep. Combining the two drugs would cause the patient to have hallucinations, increased heart rate, fever, seizure, excessive sweating, shivering, blurred vision, and muscle spasms.The starting dose for Trazodone would be 25 to 150 mg daily for the patient (Yi et al., 2018). The low dosage is suitable for treating insomnia. However, higher doses can be prescribed if the low dosage is ineffective. The expected outcome is that the patient will have an increased sleep ability, and their depressive mood will reduce. The side effects of the drug, like daytime sleepiness, should not be a significant concern, considering the patient is an elderly woman and does not need to stay awake the whole day. We should evaluate the effects of the drug after four weeks to determine efficacy and if there is a need to change the dosage…
References
Lähteenmäki, R., Neuvonen, P. J., Puustinen, J., Vahlberg, T., Partinen, M., Räihä, I., & Kivelä, S. L. (2019). Withdrawal from long?term use of zopiclone, zolpidem and temazepam may improve perceived sleep and quality of life in older adults with primary insomnia. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, 124(3), 330-340. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.13144Yi, X.-y., Ni, S.-f., Ghadami, M. R., Meng, H.-q., Chen, M.-y., Kuang, L., Zhang, Y.-q., Zhang, L., & Zhou, X.-y. (2018). Trazodone for the treatment of insomnia: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Sleep medicine, 45, 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2018.01.010
Zimmerman, M., Thompson, J. S., Diehl, J. M., Balling, C., & Kiefer, R. (2020). Is the DSM-5 anxious distress specifier interview a valid measure of anxiety in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: a comparison to the Hamilton anxiety scale. Psychiatry research, 286, 112859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112859
Differential Diagnosis Positive Data Negative Data Recurrent kidney infection Lower back pain, fever; pain localized to right lumbar and right CVA area; pain intensity 3-7 on Visual Analog Pain Scale (with 10 on VAS for natural childbirth) No family history of renal disease; sister with history of kidney stones day course of Cipro; symptoms returned in second week Pain from back does not radiate to bladder or pubic area Consuming cranberry juice and 4-6 glasses of water per
Differential Diagnosis 1: Senile Purpura Characteristics using clinical terminologies Senile Purpura denotes RBC (red blood cell) extravasation into the mucous membrane or skin. Thus, purpuric lesions don’t blanch upon pressing with a finger or glass slide (diascopy). The condition has a broad differential diagnosis which may be easily narrowed down through classification on the basis of morphology, and other lab and clinical findings (Soutor & Hordinsky, 2013). Associated clinical terminologies and differential diagnosis
differential diagnosis for Mrs. Patrick and give the most likely probable diagnosis. A review of the case reveals that Mrs. Patrick could be suffering from Fibroblastic rheumatism, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sarcoid arthropathy, Acute viral polyarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis. Fibroblastic rheumatism is noted by Chkirate and Job-Deslandre (2001) to be a very rare disease of an unknown etiology. It however shares certain features of arthritis, nodules as well as arthraglia. The disease causes
Healthcare -- Nursing -- Case Study I am required to make differential diagnosis, examine health issues and their management, order diagnostic tests and provide health teachings/health promotion for "Ted." Ted is a 55-year-old Caucasian man with general malaise and a 6-day history of a productive cough. During this time he had noticed a gradual accumulation of fluid in his legs and feet. He had not seen a health care professional in
Bronchitis is a condition involving inflammation of the airways that transport air to the lungs, which are commonly known as the bronchial tubes. The inflammation of the bronchial tubes results in a cough that usually brings mucus. From a clinical perspective, bronchitis is usually diagnosed based on cough as well as occasional wheeze, dyspnea, and sputum (Wark, 2015). As part of the diagnosis, the physician or clinician examines various clinical
GI Case StudySOAP Note for Visit 1SubjectiveHistory of the present illness: 34-year-old black female presents with complaints of chest pain and leg cramps. She was diagnosed with Crohn�s disease after a colonoscopy was performed due to unresolved rectal bleeding. She was started on Remicade infusions for Crohn�s disease about 3 weeks ago and is currently in remission. She reports no rectal bleeding at present. She quit smoking 3 weeks ago
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