¶ … differential diagnosis for Mrs. Patrick and give the most likely probable diagnosis.
A review of the case reveals that Mrs. Patrick could be suffering from Fibroblastic rheumatism, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sarcoid arthropathy, Acute viral polyarthritis or Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Fibroblastic rheumatism is noted by Chkirate and Job-Deslandre (2001) to be a very rare disease of an unknown etiology. It however shares certain features of arthritis, nodules as well as arthraglia. The disease causes flexion contractures in most of the patients, a symptom which Mrs. Patrick lacks. In half the cases, thickened palmar fascia is presented.
Sarcoid artropathy
This is a chronic arthritis in the sarcoidosis and it may be polyarticular or oligoarticular. In most cases, it presents itself similarly to RA.In most cases it affects knees, hands, ankles and wrists as well as interphalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal. It is also normally associated with parenchymal pulmonary disease.It is distinguished from Rheumatoid Arthritis by:
The elevated concentration of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in the serum
Chest radiography may show elements of sarcoidosis.
Acute arthritis pattern together with Lofgren's syndrome in the patients is never observed in RA cases.
Acute viral polyarthritis
This may be caused by a wide rage of viruses such a rubella (Smith, Petty, Tingle, 1989) HBV and parvovirus B19 (Smith, Woolf, Lenci,1987).Serologic testing can be used in the identification of the viruses in patients.
Conclusion
The patients has Rheumatoid Arthritis due to the fact that she presented its most common symptoms as well as a genetic link (Vossennar,2004) (mother had it).
2. Give an explanation of the pathological process involved to produce the signs and symptoms of Mrs. Patrick
According to Vitali et al. (1999) the pathological process in RA starts with the presentation of a relatively unknown antigen for 'rheumatoid' by an antigen presenting cell to the CD4 +T cell receptors. The second step is the activation of CD4 +T cell and then of the cytokine network. This then leads to the development of the signs and symptoms.
3. Mrs. Patrick is concerned that her condition may have some serious complications to her health. Explain how the family history and personal history of the patient is relevant to her present condition and what complications may develop from this condition?
Rheumatoid Arthritis...
Rheumatoid Arthritis What is happening to the synovium in Arletha's knees and probably her hands as well? In all likelihood, the synovium is inflamed and is not doing its job. The synovium is meant to secret liquid that keeps the joint lubricated. If it's not present or is not doing its job at high efficiency any more, then the joints in the hands and knees will start to become damaged and broken
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h2 { color: blue; } Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and progressive destruction of the joints. Understanding its pathophysiology is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies. Immune Dysregulation: RA is mediated by an aberrant immune response involving the activation of T cells and B cells. Dysregulated T cells secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?)
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