Diabetes and Special Education in School
Characteristics and Definition of Diabetes
The Centers for Disease Control 2005 survey reports that 21 million individuals or 7% of the total U.S. population have Diabetes. Furthermore, it is reported that one in every four to six-hundred students under the age of 20 years will have diabetes. (Belson, 2010) Diabetes is a "chronic metabolic disorder that results from failure of the pancreas to produce insulin (Type 1) or from insulin resistance with inadequate insulin secretion to sustain normal metabolism (Type 2)." (American Diabetes Association 2003; Centers for Disease Control, 2002 in: Getch, Bhukanwala, and Neuharth-Pritchett, 2007, p.1)
Characteristics of Diabetes
Children with diabetes have two problems that teachers must understand:
(1) Hypoglycemia; and (2) Hyperglycemia. (Children With Diabetes.com, 2010)
Hypoglycemia is low blood sugar and hyperglycemia is high blood sugar. Children with low blood sugar are known to have erratic behavior or alternatively act tired and to be hungry and shaky quite often. (Children With Diabetes.com, 2010) Children with high blood sugar also may be sleepy and thirsty and have a need to go to the restroom frequently. (Children With Diabetes.com, 2010)
I. Diabetes in the Classroom
Students with diabetes sometimes present in class tired due to diabetes-related fatigue and as well, students with diabetes need frequent breaks to visit the restroom and drink water. Type I Diabetes is also known as 'juvenile diabetes' or 'insulin dependent diabetes' and is an autoimmune disease that results in the body destroying "insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas." (Centers for Disease Control, 2010) Insulin is needed by the body to utilize glucose and without insulin, the body starves. Individuals with type 1 diabetes must inject insulin to live.
Young children with diabetes tend to have higher rates of absenteeism than older children with diabetes and contributing factors include such as: (1) overprotection by parents; (2) philosophy of parents regarding academics; (3) the quality of communication between teachers and parents of children with diabetes; and (4) lack of information for schools on managing diabetes. (Getch, Bhukanwala, and Neuharth-Pritchett, 2007, p.1)
Extended absences from school for children with diabetes is not typical however, students miss valuable time in class when they spend part of the day with the school nurse of managing their diabetes. The teacher in the classroom must necessarily be sensitive to factors that contribute to the child with...
Diabetes and Learning Diabetes is a chronic disease, which induces learning disabilities and cognitive disorders. Proactive care and Symptomatic management are critical aspects of diabetes control. Successful intervention involves a collaborative effort on the part of the school staff, parents and health care providers. Diabetes is a serious health concern for the United States with more than 18.2 million people affected by the disease. The prevalence of Diabetes among children is alarming,
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Diabetes Education What is Diabetes? Interventions Management Self-Care Diabetes Education Clinical Practice Recommendations Diabetes Education Diabetes is considered to be a chronic disease which really needs some kind of long-term nursing and medical intermediations. Research shows that patients likewise need to take a part that is active in their own treatment and management, and the alter their lifestyles in order to keep their metabolic state at a level that is normal (Sperl-Hillen, 2010). One of the transformations in
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