Decision Making
Ethics is a philosophical term derived from the Greek word "ethos," meaning character or custom (Sims, 1994, p. 16). Ethics, therefore, is not just an ethereal concept belonging to the domain of philosophers and theologists, but a universal phenomenon that pervades the very functioning of individuals and society. Indeed, ethics can be said to be the guiding set of principles, based on which individual character, social and organizational custom is built. This is evident from the fact that family and social institutions begin inculcating ethical behavior into an individual from the time he or she begins to develop cognitive skills as an infant. Similarly, an organization inducts a new employee into the company's ethos and methods of conducting business. Thus, it is not surprising that cultural, personal, and organizational values influence decision making in an individual's personal and professional life.
The relationship that personal and organizational values have with decision making emerges when evaluating the impact or outcome of any decision. Formally defined, "ethical behavior" is that which is morally accepted as good and right as opposed to bad or wrong in a particular setting (Sims, 1994, p. 16). Therefore, the ethical framework within which decisions take place determines whether the outcome is to the benefit or detriment of individuals, society, or business. Thus, it is critical that an individual is guided by the right code of ethics and values when making personal or professional decisions in life.
Besides the sheer need to be able to live by one's conscience, chances are that there would be social chaos without a guiding set of principles and laws that define accepted norms of behavior. Perhaps this is the reason why human beings, in fact, derive a great deal of comfort from the presence of authority and the hierarchical structure of family and organizations (Williams, 1996, p. 100). While the establishment...
In the former approach, tradable goods, money or services are exchanged between buyers and sellers at a rate that is agreeable to all parties. This approach assumes both the buyers and sellers have enough money, services or goods to have their needs met. The latter approach, public provision, is when all is available to those on an as-needed basis. The Pharmaceutical and Manufacturing Association warns that whenever there is government
Ethical systems can be principled, but still contain reasonable exceptions without being purely relativistic. I acknowledge that there are many different types of moral situations under which one must apply one's principles. Q2: Support My moral system most closely mirrors what could be called a 'virtue ethics' position: I believe in moral standards, but I believe that learning how to be a virtuous and compassionate person who is empathetic to others
APNs have reported feeling greatly distressed when it comes to having to make end-of-life decisions because of a lack of support in this area. In conclusion, more effort needs to be put into making the lines less blurry for APNs so that they can make end-of-life decisions with more confidence and support. References: Ahrens, T., & Kolleff, M. (2003). Improving family communications at the end of life: implications for length of stay
Moral Leadership Rhode's discussion illustrates that moral leadership combines several comprehensive business and social issues based on law, psychology, leadership, ethics, and political science. The evaluation allows strategic leadership to provide practical and theoretical policy guidelines. His study explores regarding moral leadership like the manner in which leaders sustain, transmit, and form their moral commitments (Parker & Fischhoff, 2005). Moral leadership evaluates the conditions that such processes are most useful. Rhode's
Ethical Problem(s) Relevant Values Stakeholders Decision Making Utilitarianism Problems with Utilitarianism Deontology Rawlsian Ethics Ross's Ethical Theory Natural Law Theory Ethical Analysis Scenario A Pennsylvania hospital is faced with a non-U.S. born 5-year-old daughter of undocumented immigrants who has a life-threatening need for a 2 million dollar transplant. Using critical analysis and your ethics knowledge render and defend a decision about whether to provide the transplant. Ethical problem(s) One of the ethical problems present is the fact that the 5-year-old was born in undocumented
Ethics in for-Profit and Not-for-Profit Companies *****************this assignment*********** Annotated Bibliography Annotated bibliography: Ethics in for-profit and not-for profit companies Barkemeyer, R., Holt, D., Figge, F., & Napolitano, G. (2010). A longitudinal and contextual analysis of media representation of business ethics. European Business Review, 22(4), 377-396. This article is a survey of the contemporary media's representation of business ethics, encompassing a meta-analysis of 62 international newspapers. Particularly in the U.S., the emphasis was upon 'hot' scandals
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