(National Curriculum, 2008)
In order that curriculum be designed effectively to meet the individualized and personalized needs of learners in the secondary school it will be absolutely necessary that all stakeholders are involved in curriculum content. It is not possible for national standards to effectively dictate to each individual school what the curriculum requirements should be because they differ from school to school, region-to-region and state to state as well as differing vastly between individual students in the inclusive secondary school setting.
The work entitled: "Financing the Expansion of Secondary Education" relates that efforts focused toward increasing enrollment in primary schools has been successful and has simultaneously put secondary schools and education systems under "constant pressure to meet their demands for further education."
Stated as the grounds for expansion of secondary education are those as follows:
1)Providing learning after primary education is essential to consolidate what has already been learnt. Many achievement studies undertaken in developing countries show that upon graduating from primary schools students have only a shaky grasp of core competencies. Extending basic education to eight or nine years, incorporating what used to be lower secondary, should contribute to students mastering literacy, numeracy and acquiring an understanding of the world around them.
2) at secondary level students can develop reasoning and thinking skills that are inaccessible to younger children. It is at that level that youngsters can be expected to acquire the common culture that will allow them to be useful citizens, to build knowledge through experience and experiments, and to learn essential subjects such as health education, science and technology. It is there again that large numbers of youngsters can be taught how to think, how to work, how to work in teams and how to live together.
3) Expanding quality secondary education is essential to ensure a better-educated teaching force at the first level.
4) Opening learning opportunities beyond primary education is necessary to motivate primary school pupils to complete their primary education. Indeed, as primary education has expanded, the market value of a primary school certificate has substantially decreased, and only those who continue to secondary may hope to obtain access to a job in the modern sector.
5) the countries that experienced the highest level of economic growth in the past decade had all invested substantially in their secondary education a number of years before, as the fast developing countries of East and South-East Asia and Europe illustrate.
SUMMARY and CONCLUSION
The literature reviewed in this work has informed this study that planning of curriculum...
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