Thus, COP activities seem to be more citizen-friendly than zero-tolerance policies, and they seem to bring dramatic drops in crime, as well.
Problem-oriented policing targets specific problem areas of crime, such as drug-trafficking neighborhoods or youth-oriented crimes. This type of policing strives to understand why crimes are occurring, and get to the root of the crime problem in specific areas. In Boston in the 1990s, youth-oriented homicide was a growing problem, and the city developed a POP program to address it. Called the "Boston Gun Project," the project targeted youth aged 24 and under, and it researched why there was a gun problem with youth in Boston, and then developed intervention and evaluating the impact of the intervention. It involved many different law enforcement agencies, and even included local social services agencies and other non-traditional participants in law enforcement. Police targeted the gangs they knew were involved most heavily in gun crimes and homicides, and not only used enforcement techniques, but counseling and other techniques to reduce the use and availability of guns to youth gangs (Braga, et al., 2001, pg. 219). Clearly, this approach is the most far-removed from zero-tolerance policing methods. This method involves heavy research and assessment, and targets very specific criminal activities after they are identified as major problems in the community. It does not ignore other criminal activities, but targets the most dangerous or deadly, first.
Zero-tolerance policing involves little research and assessment, and instead relies on simply police intervention with any type of criminal activity, from urinating on public streets to homicide. The Boston project discovered that most of the gun activity was related to gang activity, and so they targeted gangs, and specific gangs, as the project continued. They responded quickly to gang violence, and soon the gangs realized that gang gun activity was no longer going to be tolerated. The project significantly reduced youth homicide and gun crimes in Boston, and so, like the other policies, POP has seen dramatic results in areas where it has been implemented.
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In reviewing some of the studies done on the impact of community policing on officers' attitudes, Lurigio and Rosenbaum (1994) isolated many of the specific techniques used in community policing programs. These programs are generally marked by the use of foot patrols to engage with citizens and establish a tangible presence, storefront police stations providing visibility and accessibility to the public, and the use of targeted police units designed to
Criminal Justice: Challenges and Developments The criminal justice system in the United States, and indeed anywhere in the world, is a governmental tool to ensure the safety and security of the citizens of the country. Certain areas have however been considered in research to steer away from this goal. The public has for example lost a considerable amount of trust in the system as a result of apparent oppressive practices in
Criminal Justice System Australian Criminal Justice System "When all is said and done, the current criminal justice system is about as fair and effective as we can reasonably expect" Overview of the Criminal Justice System: Fair and Effective - Penal Populism The Democracy at Work thesis proposes that politicians have been properly responsive to public concern about crime by putting into place the more robust responses to offending which people want. An alternative perspective
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