Compare and Contrast the Current Dominant Approaches to Crime Prevention
Introduction
Given the diverse definitions of crime prevention, Schneider looks at it from the consequences approach. He defines it as a program or strategy that serves the purpose of preventing the occurrence of criminal acts or behaviors from emerging (2014). The outcome of such a definition has seen crime prevention defined as a “reduction in or prevention of specific criminal events” (Schneider, 2014, p. 6). Moreover, it is defined regarding reduction in the number of criminal offenders showing that the harm has been either reduced or prevented. Furthermore, the definition looks at the strategy as having reduced the number of harmed victims. Moreover, prevention is the fourth pillar and other institutions like courts, police, and corrections fall in that category. Crime prevention has dominant approaches used by law enforcement, courts, corrections, family, or community, which are all components of the criminal justice system. The following study identifies crime prevention appropriates whilst classifying their efficiency and the one that is appropriate in tackling the growing crime levels in eth united States.
Dominant Approaches to Crime Prevention
Law Enforcement
Law enforcement considers its dominant approaches to crime prevention to be a community, social development, situational and policing. In situational prevention, interventions are designed to deter the occurrence of crime by reducing offender’s opportunities thereby increasing their difficulty and risk. The techniques used for situational prevention include increasing efforts required to committing a crime, controlling the access to the target, and target hardening. Others include having control over the tools used to commit a crime and increasing the levels of guardianship or even formal surveillance (Shaw & United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2010).
In contrast, community prevention looks at those interventions designed to bring change to social institutions and conditions like clubs, families, social norms, and peers among others that may influence offending activities in residential communities. The risk factors that force individuals to commit a crime include drug addiction, poverty, having a weak self-esteem, bad acquaintances, and dropping out...
References
Ad Hoc police practices review commission. (2015). Final report. Retrieved from https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/chairman/pdf/adhoc-final-10.8.15.pdf
Barga, A. A., & Weisburd, D. (2010). Policing problem places: Crime hot spots and effective prevention. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Bureau of Justice Assistance. (2014). Crime prevention. Office of Justice Programs.
Shaw, M. & United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2010). Handbook on the crime prevention guidelines: Making them work. New York, NY: United Nations.
Schneider, S. (2014). Crime prevention: Theory and practice (2nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
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