¶ … correspondence bias and why might it occur? Are there cultural variations in the correspondence bias?
In the practice of social psychology, correspondence bias or also known as the theory of fundamental attribution error will refer to the over-valuing of explanations that are based from personality perspective under circumstantial situations. This process can lead into misunderstanding between one or two parties that include communities, societies, and groups that are living within the same area or different area. This can be considered as a form of stereotyping incidents for the reason that there are false beliefs and perceptions regarding a particular individual or group with respect to their daily routines and practices. There are cultural variations in the correspondence bias for the reason that discrimination regardless of age, race, and gender can be a perfect example for this case according with their demographical orientation and capabilities as pointed out by Bundel (2011).
2. Non-verbal behaviors can be used to serve many functions in communication. Discuss two functions of non-verbal communication, and include two distinct non-verbal behaviors in your explanation of discussion.
Non-verbal behaviors can be referred to non-verbal communication because this is an action that will intend to convey a message to other individual or express any kind of emotions towards a particular event or experience to other person. As functions of non-verbal emotion, self-representation of a person's own personality will be expressed due to the presence of reaction of a certain external stimuli that includes personal experience to a certain event. In this manner, a person will be able to react with the incidents that have been experienced for a specific period of time. Another will be greetings such as smiling when meeting another person because this action projects positive environment towards other individuals to feel them more comfortable.
3. What is self-awareness and what are the possible consequences of self-awareness?
Self-awareness pertains to the process of establishing introspection of an individual's self-worth, confidence, and over-all psychological well-being. This is an assessment that will be able to identify all kinds of psychological flaws by the use of reminiscing past events to help an individual to cope up current stressful experiences. As a consequence, an individual that will be conducting self-awareness will boost their self-esteem, confidence, and increasing their self-worth to be able to handle stressful events efficiently according to Harisson (2009).
4. What is self-perception theory, how do we use it to increase our self-knowledge?
In the field of social science, self-perception theory refers to any change in the attitude that can be developed by identifying the particular emotional behavior that has been expressed by an individual. Self-perception can be used by employing personal convictions to a particular event, individual, or experience due to their nature or functions that has been carried out for a specific reason. This process can increase our knowledge because it will help us find ways to examine that particular issue that has been the center for showing self-perception at a specific period of time as indicated by Pentin (2011).
5. Isa believes herself to be a healthy person that would not do damage to herself. Yet, Isa smokes a pack of cigarettes a day. This situation should create dissonance. Define dissonance and indicate three ways that Isa could reduce dissonance in this situation.
Dissonance pertains to a presence of any discomfort caused possibly by the presence of ideas, perceptions, values, and psychological reaction of a particular event, area, experience, or a person. In the case of Isa, she believes that smoking cigarettes will help her to satisfy her emotions and this is a helpful activity because it is an activity that will help her to compensate her stressful behaviors. There are three solutions to reduce dissonance and the first is education because this is an application of knowledge, skills, and attitude towards a particular issue to increase the knowledge of an individual to prevent false beliefs. Therapy is a psychological intervention that will help an individual to restructure their cognitive dissonance to express their emotions by being involved with activities that includes counseling, art therapy, music therapies, and all other related activities. Promoting pro-social and healthy behavior is a therapeutic habit that will help improve false perception that leads to dissonance of an individual by exercising healthy diet and healthy lifestyle on a daily basis according to Aronson, et, al., (2007).
6. You decide to start a neighborhood watch program. You want the members...
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