Computer Fraud and Abuse Act was enacted into law in 1986 to deal with the hacking of computer systems operated by the American government and certain financial institutions. Through its enactment, the legislation made it a federal offense to access a protected computer without authorization or to an extent that is beyond the authorized access. However, since it was passed into law, the act has been amended severally in attempts to expand its scope and penalties. In addition, the act has developed to be an important legislation since it's used widely not only by the government to prosecute hackers but it's also used by private corporations to help protect their trade secrets and other proprietary information.
Penalties and Fines in the Law:
The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act is considered as one of the most essential computer-crime laws because it was the first significant federal legislation to offer some protection against computer-based offenses. The main aim of the act was to provide legal protection for computers and computer systems in three major categories. They include computers and computer systems under direct control of some federal agencies, those that are part of a financial institution, and those involved in foreign or interstate commerce (Easttom & Taylor, 2011, p. 72).
In order to achieve its objectives, the act contains certain penalties and fines for offenders of the provisions of this legislation. These penalties and fines include a minimum of 10 years and maximum of 20 years imprisonment for offenders obtaining national security information, a maximum 10-year sentence for criminals trespassing in a government computer,...
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