Verified Document

Commuting For Clean Air Term Paper

Commuting for Clean Air Commuter choice programs are noble efforts to reduce air pollution and they will certainly help to improve air quality. For example, one study of fifty-eight pilot projects in southern California concluded that financial incentives/disincentives are the most consistently effective and cost effective group of projects (Commuter Choice Primer). And, according to the Commuter Choice Primer, the Transit Cooperative Research Board studied fifty employers throughout the United States and found that employers that combined both enhanced alternatives such as vanpool provision with incentives or disincentives such as vanpool subsidies realized an average trip reduction of 24.5%. However, it's naive to believe that commuter choice programs are a total solution for curbing automobile use. Non-work travel, the ubiquity of automobiles in the United States, and the total amount of the problem that commuter choice programs can reasonably address are issues that require additional measures.

Focusing on work travel alone...

This is because work travel is only twenty-five percent of total passenger mileage, and this figure doesn't even consider freight and service travel. A 1995 survey showed that per capita trip-making grew by fifty percent, but work tips grew only thirty-three percent. To attack the growth in non-work related travel, it would appear that it would be prudent to adopt policies that seek to reduce all forms of automobile transportation demand through financial incentives not to drive at any time such as raising fuel taxes, automobile property taxes and road usage fees. While this may initially appear unfair to lower-income citizens, higher income households generate almost forty percent more auto travel than average income households (Pisarski, 2001) and formulation of equitable taxation plans should be feasible.
Further, Americans are addicted to their cars as indicated by a report from the U.S. Transportation Department showing that…

Sources used in this document:
Bibliography

Commuter Choice Primer. Retrieved November 23, 2004 from U.S. Department of Transportation Highway Administration Web site: http://www.itsdocs.fhwa.dot.gov/JPODOCS/REPTS_PR/ccp/section08.htm

Pisarski, A.E. Life in the not-so-fast lane. Blueprint Magazine. Retrieved November 23, 2004 from Sacramento Transportation and Air Quality Collaborative Web site: http://www.sactaqc.org/resources/literature/transportation/Not_So_Fast_Lane.htm

Wald, M. (2003, August 29). One vehicle on the road, two others in the garage. New York Times. Retrieved November 24, 2004 from Web site: http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/30/business/30TRAF.html?th
Cite this Document:
Copy Bibliography Citation

Related Documents

Urban Sociology at Academies Such
Words: 2040 Length: 5 Document Type: Thesis

The only real downside environmentally is a relatively higher crime rate. While violent crime is not necessarily higher than for the U.S. As a whole, it is still higher than that found in Tokyo due to the well-studied differences in American and Japanese cultural proclivities toward crime. More importantly, crimes against property, and specifically auto theft, are much higher in San Diego than they are elsewhere in the U.S.,

Telecommuting for Future Businesses a
Words: 1784 Length: 5 Document Type: Term Paper

Smaller arguments: Potential benefits for employee and employer include changes in maternity and sick leave, elimination of commute. Valid Potential Drawbacks for employee and employer include lack of communication. Valid Technology Requirements needed may include speakerphone, fax machine and computer. Valid Job requirements and responsibilities needed are good work record, dependability. Valid Security Risks include unsecured connection, very little/no cyber protection software, possible infection. These can be easily fixed by

Urban Sprawl and How States Are Dealing With the Issue
Words: 5621 Length: 20 Document Type: Term Paper

Land Use Planning Policies and Urban Sprawl IMPORTANCE Land planning for distribution has progressed manifolds in the past century. Increase in the number of communities in the country raises the demand for urban development. Developments are often referred as revolutionary plans meant for better living. However, by the end of the 20th century perception of better living means away from the mainstream urbanism. Communities shifted to new areas with open space, tranquility

Environmental Justice Policies and Issues
Words: 5141 Length: 20 Document Type: Term Paper

Environmental Justice in the United States: Policies, Beliefs & People/Places Involved During the course of my college career, my interests and passions have changed, gradually evolving to an intensified mix of all that my Interdisciplinary Studies major encompasses. I began my college career seeking a Mass Communication degree; a course of study that focused primarily on community organization and mobilization. After feeling the harsh reality of advertising and public relations evils, I

Dream Community Unlike the Popular
Words: 1330 Length: 4 Document Type: Term Paper

Older people could receive tax incentives to act as teachers to students in areas of expertise, or simply to help out as coaches or staff. Ideally, private educational institutions would be few, to ensure a lack of a drain of community resources from the public schools, although private schools could supplement student education for students with special needs that could not be met by the public system. Transportation Unless it was

Principles of Green Computing and Environmental Protection
Words: 4864 Length: 16 Document Type: Essay

Green computing is a term used to refer to the proper handling and disposal of computer parts. It is a term that has come of late with the need to have a clean environment devoid of unnecessary pollution on the environment. It is known fact that computers are made of non-biodegradable material, which is mainly plastic in nature. Disposal of used computers can cause environmental degradation if not well done.

Sign Up for Unlimited Study Help

Our semester plans gives you unlimited, unrestricted access to our entire library of resources —writing tools, guides, example essays, tutorials, class notes, and more.

Get Started Now