Virginia's State Court System
The state of Virginia's court system is structure in a way that is similar to, though not identical to, the federal court system in the United States. "The present system consists of four levels of courts: the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeals, the circuit courts, and the district courts. In addition, magistrates serve as judicial officers with authority to issue various types of processes. The courts are organized into 31 judicial circuits and 32 similar judicial districts" (State of Virginia, 2011). As with most U.S. court systems, review moves upwards from the lowest level of courts (the trial courts) to the Supreme Court level.
The most basic trial court in Virginia is the magistrate court. "A principal function of the magistrate is to provide an independent, unbiased review of complaints brought to the office by police officers, sheriffs, deputies, and citizens. Magistrate duties include issuing various types of processes such as arrest warrants, summonses, bonds, search warrants, subpoenas, emergency mental and medical custody orders, temporary mental and medical detention orders, emergency protective orders and other civil processes" (State of Virginia, 2011). Magistrates set bail and...
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